Kulturális értékek, érzelmek és motivált gondolkodás
Absztrakt
A tanulmány körbejárja, hogy az érzelmek és az érzelmileg motivált gondolkodás hogyan teremti meg és tartja fenn egy közösségben a hagyományokat és a kulturális értékeket. Kitér az érzelmek és a gondolkodás, valamint a cselekvés kapcsolatára. Áttekinti a konzervatív gondolkodás érzelmi mozgatórugóit és következményeit. A bemutatott tanulmányok arra utalnak, hogy a konzervatív beállítódás, a kulturális értékek és hagyományok fokozott védelme a fenyegetettségre adott közösségi megküzdés egy formájának tekinthető, amelynek célja a szorongás csökkentése és a kontroll érzet megerősítése.
Hivatkozások
Adolphs, R., & Damasio, A. R., 2001. The interaction of affect and cognition: A neurobiological perspective. In: Forgas, J. P. (ed.) Handbook of affect and social cognition, pp. 27–49. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Arndt, J. & Vess, M., 2008. Tales from Existential Oceans: Terror Management Theory and How the Awareness of Our Mortality Affects Us All, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(2), 909–928. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00079.x
Baron, J., 2020. Religion, cognitive style, and rational thinking. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 34, 64-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.12.015
Benkei-Kovács, B., Farkas, J., Keszei, B., Hédi, Cs., Hübner, A., Popcsa, A. & Thuma, O., 2021. Inhabitants' reaction and attachment to local values, A case study of three Hungarian towns, Kulturális Szemle, 8(2), 27-43.
Burke, B. L., Kosloff, S. & Landau, M. J., 2013. Death Goes to the Polls: A Meta‐Analysis of Mortality Salience Effects on Political Attitudes, Political Psychology, 34(2), 183-200. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23481741
Burton, C. M., Plaks, J. E. & Peterson, J. B., 2015. Why do conservatives report being happier than liberals? The contribution of neuroticism, Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 3(1) 89-102. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i1.117
Butz, S., Kieslich, P. J. & Bless, H., 2017. Why are conservatives happier than liberals? Comparing different explanations based on system justification, multiple group membership, and positive adjustment, European Journal of Social Psychology, 47(3), 362-372. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2283
Calogero, R. M., Bardi, A. & Sutton, R. M., 2009. A need for basis values: Associations between the need for cognitive closure and value priorities. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 154-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.019
Carstensen, L. L., 2006. The influence of a sense of time on human development, Science, 312(5782), 1913-1915. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1127488
Chirumbolo, A., Areni, A. & Sensales, G., 2004. Need for cognitive closure and politics: Voting, political attitudes and attributional style. International Journal of Psychology, 39(4), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590444000005
Cornelis, I., Hiel, A. V., Roets, A. & Kossowska, M., 2009. Age Differences in Conservatism: Evidence on the Mediating Effects of Personality and Cognitive Style, Personality, 77(1), 51-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00538.x
Dechêne, A., Stahl, C., Hansen, J. & Wänke, M., 2009. The Truth About the Truth: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Truth Effect, Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14(2), 238–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309352251
Desmet, P. M. A., & Hekkert, P., 2007. Framework of Product Experience. International Journal of Design, 1(1), 13-23.
Echterhoff, G., Higgins, E. T. & Levine, J. M., 2009. Experiencing commonality with others’ inner states about the world, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(5), 496-521.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01161.x
Eidelman, S., Crandall, C. S., Goodman, J. A. & Blanchar, J. C., 2012. Low-effort thought promotes political conservatism, Personality and Social Psychological Bulletin, 38(6), 808-820. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167212439213
Forgas, J. P., 2013. Don’t Worry, Be Sad! On the Cognitive, Motivational, and Interpersonal Benefits of Negative Mood, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(3), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214124744
Fredrickson, B. L., 2001. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218–226. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.218
Fredrickson, B. L., 1998. What Good Are Positive Emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 300–319. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.300
Gáspár, L., 1997. Neveléselmélet, OKKER, Bp.
Greenberg, J., Solomon, T. & Pyszczynski, S., 1997. Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews: Empirical Assessments and Conceptual Refinements, Advancements in Experimental Socialpscychology, 29, 61-139.
Hardin, C. D. & Higgins, E. T., 1996. Shared reality: How social verification makes the subjective objective. In: Sorrentino, R. M. & Higgins, E. T. (eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition, Vol. 3. The interpersonal context, pp. 28–84. The Guilford Press.
Henderson, E. L., Simons, D. J. & Barr, D. J., 2021. The Trajectory of Truth: A Longitudinal Study of the Illusory Truth Effect, Journal of Cognition, 4(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.161
Higgins, E. T., Rossignac-Milon, M. & Echterhoff, G., 2021. Shared Reality: From Sharing-Is-Believing to Merging Minds, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(2), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721421992
Hunyady, Gy., 2018. Rendszerigazolás és rendszerkritika, Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle, 73(2), 269-298. https://doi.org/10.1556/0016.2018.004
Jost, J. T., van der Linden, S., Panagopoulos, C. & Hardin, C. D., 2018. Ideological asymmetries in conformity, desire for shared reality, and the spread of misinformation, Current Opinion in Psychology, 23, 77-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.01.003
Jost, T., Napier, J. L., Thorisdottir, H, Gosling, S. D., Palfai, T. P. & Ostafin, B., 2007. Are needs to manage uncertainty and threat associated with political conservativism or ideological extremity?, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(7), https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167207301028
Kay, A. C., Shepherd S., Blatz C. W., Chua S. N. & Galinsky, A. D., 2010. For God (or) country: the hydraulic relation between government instability and belief in religious sources of control, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(5), 725-739. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021140
Kruglanski, A. W., 2005. A zárt gondolkodás pszichológiája. Budapest, Osiris Kiadó.
Lyubomirsky, S., King, L. & Diener, E., 2005. The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success?, Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 803-855. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803
Macchia, L. & Plagnol, A. C., 2019. The Subjective Well-Being Political Paradox: Evidence from Latin America. In: Rojas, M. (ed.) The Economics of Happiness. Springer, Chambridge. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15835-4_16
Malota, E., 2003. A fogyasztói etnocentrizmus. In: Hunyady, Gy. & Székely, M. (eds.) Gazdaságpszichológia, Osiris, Budapest. pp. 297-303.
Mesquita, B., Boiger, M. & De Leersnyder, J., 2016. The cultural construction of emotions, Current Opinion in Psychology, 8, 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.09.015.
Mogilner, C., Kamvar, S. D. & Aaker, J., 2010. The shifting meaning of happiness, Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(4), 395-402. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550610393987
Mucha, L., Kovács, I., Oravecz, T. & Totth, G., 2020. Az etnocentrizmus szerepe a vásárlói döntésekben, Gazdálkodás, 64(1), 35-54.
Napier, J. L., Bettinsoli, M. L. & Suppes, A., 2020. The palliative function of system-justifying ideologies, Current Opinio in Behavioral Sciences, 34, 129-134.
Nawijn, J., & Biran, A., 2019. Negative emotions in tourism: A meaningful analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(19), 2386–2398. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1451495
Newman, D. B., Schwarz, N., Graham, J. & Stone, A. A., 2019. Conservatives report greater meaning in life than liberals, Social Psychological and Personality Science, 10(4), 494-503. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550618768241
Okulicz-Kozaryn, A., Holmes, O., & Avery, D. R., 2014. The subjective well-being political paradox: Happy welfare states and unhappy liberals. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99(6), 1300–1308. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037654
Oren, G., Shani, A. & Poria, Y., 2021. Dialectical emotions in a dark heritage site: A study at the Auschwitz Death Camp, Tourism Management, 82, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104194
Papadopoulos, N. & Heslop L. A., 1993. (Szerk) Product-Country Images, Impact and Role in International Marketing, Rutledge, New York.
Papadopoulos, N., Heslop, L. A. & Beracs, J., 1990. National Stereotypes and Product Evaluations in a Socialist Country, International Marketing Review, 7.
Ponce de Leon, R. & Kay, A. C., 2020. Politicak ideology and compensatory control mechanisms, Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 34, 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.02.013
Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S. & Greenberg, J., 2015. Chapter One – Thirty Years of Terror Management Theory From Genesis to Revelation, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 52, 1-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aesp.2015.03.001
Shimp, T. A., Sharma, S. & Shin, J., 1995. Consumer Ethnocentrism: A Test of Antecedents and Moderators, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 23(1), 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02894609
Skurnik, I. Yoon, C., Park, D. C. & Schwarz, N., 2005. How Warnings about False Claims Become Recommendations, Journal of Consumer Research, 31(4), 713-724. https://doi.org/10.1086/426605
Smith, L. & Campbell, G., 2015. The elephant in the room: Heritage, affect and emotion In: Logan, W., Nic Craith, M. & Kockel, U. A Companion to Heritage Studies. Wiley-Balckwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118486634.ch30
Tooby, J. & Cosmides, L., 1990. The past explains the present: Emotional adaptations and the structure of ancestral environments, Ethology and Sociobiology, 11(4–5), 375-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(90)90017-Z
Watson, S., 2016. Why do emotions matter in museums and heritage sites? Chapter 4, In: van Boxtel, C., Grever, M. & Klein, S. (eds.) Sensitive Pasts: Questioning Heritage in Education pp. 75-91.
Williams, P. & Drolet, A., 2005. Age-Related Differences in Responses to Emotional Advertisements, Journal of Consumer Research, 32(3), 343-354. https://doi.org/10.1086/497545
Wojcik, S. P., Hovasapian, A., Graham, J., Motyl, M. & Ditto, P. H., 2015. Conservatives report, but liberals display, greater happiness, Science, 347(6227), 1243-1246. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1260817
Yalom, I. D., 2004. Egzisztenciális pszichoterápia, Animula, Budapest.
