Új módszer alkáli bazaltos magmák olivin- és klinopiroxén-frakcionációjának modellezésére
Absztrakt
A monogenetikus vulkáni mezőket felépítő bazaltos magmák képződésének, fejlődéstörténetének vizsgálata a modern vulkanológiai kutatások egyik legfontosabb kérdésköre. A Kárpát–Pannon térségben számos neogén–kvarter monogenetikus alkáli bazalt vulkáni terület található, amelyek képződményei változatos földrajzi elterjedésük, koruk és összetételük révén az intrakontinentális alkáli bazaltok természetes laboratóriumai. Az elmúlt három évtizedben számos tanulmány jelent meg e bazaltos magmák genezise kapcsán, azonban a kutatások vagy csak a földköpenybeli forráskőzet alapvető kőzettani tulajdonságaira irányultak, vagy olivin frakcionáció alapú primitívmagma-kalkulátorok segítségével — esetleg egyszerű olivin ± klinopiroxén hozzáadással — a szülőmagma összetételére is becslést adtak. A közismert primitívmagma-összetételt számoló programok azonban pontatlan eredményt adnak klinopiroxén-frakcionált magmák esetében (és akár piroxenit-tartalmú forráskőzet esetében is), mivel ezeket olivin-fíros óceáni szigeti bazaltok és peridotitok fő- vagy nyomelemtartalma alapján dolgozták ki, és alapelvük a teljeskőzet-összetételhez történő olivin hozzáadás.
A Kárpát–Pannon térség alkáli bazaltos képződményeit felhasználva egy olyan új frakcionációs modellezést dolgoztunk ki, amely olivin- és/vagy klinopiroxén-fíros intrakontinentális alkáli bazaltok esetében alkalmas a két ásvány szülőmagmából frakcionálódott mennyiségének meghatározására csupán a kőzet főelem-összetétele és Ni-tartalma, valamint a benne található olivin fenokristályok forsterit- és Ni-koncentrációja alapján. A frakcionáció mértéke alapján becslést tudunk adni a kőzet szülőmagmájának főelem-összetételére és a -értékére is.
Hivatkozások
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