A puszta családnév mint (cseh)szlovák pragmatikai kölcsönzés

Absztrakt

Bare surnames as pragmatic borrowings from (Czecho-)Slovakian

This paper focuses on a single name-related consequence of the language contact situation of Hungarian in the Carpathian basin: the use of surnames on their own (i.e. without Christian names) as sociolinguistic variants of Hungarian female names in the Slovakian variety of Hungarian. To support the conclusions drawn from a corpus of spoken language, the author examines inscriptions of surnames in the cemeteries of two Hungarian settlements, Nagymegyer (Vel'ký Meder) and Alsószeli (Dolné Saliby), both in Slovakia, paying special attention to Standard Slovakian, local Hungarian and Standard Hungarian usage. The final conclusion of the paper is that the phenomenon of erasing Christian names from the maiden names of married women can be observed in all classes of society of the Hungarian minority living in Slovakia. The use of bare surnames occurs virtually in all speech situations, both for mentioning and for addressing females, in speech as well as in writing. The phenomenon is presented with respect to formality vs. informality and standard vs. substandard speech. The author gives utmost care to the chronology of the spread of this Slovakian contact feature.