A személyiségzavar, különösen a pszichopátia hatása a büntetőjogi felelősségre

  • Dr. Szabó Judit PhD Országos Kriminológiai Intézet
Kulcsszavak: személyiségzavar, pszichopátia, prevalencia, büntetőjogi felelősség, kóros elmeállapot

Absztrakt

A személyiségzavar büntetőjogi felelősséget, illetve büntetéskiszabást érintő értékelésének kérdése rendre felmerül mind a hazai, mind a nemzetközi szakmai diskurzusokban. A személyiségzavarok büntetőjogi relevanciáját elsősorban a bűnelkövetők körében való felülreprezentáltságuk és a kriminalitással való szoros kapcsolatuk adja. A tanulmány interdiszciplináris kontextusban tárgyalja a személyiségzavarok büntetőjogi értékelést befolyásoló sajátosságait, külön kitérve a pszichopátiában tapasztalható – kriminológiailag jelentős – kognitív és érzelmi diszfunkciókra. A konklúzió – gondolatébresztő célzattal –röviden érint néhány, a tárgyalt kórkép büntetőjogi megítélésével kapcsolatos dilemmát.

Hivatkozások

Aharoni, Eyal - Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter - Kiehl, Kent A. (2012): Can psychopathic offenders discern moral wrongs? A new look at the moral/conventional distinction. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 121. p. 484-497.

https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024796

American Psychiatric Association (2013): Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5). Arlington, VA: American Psychaitric Publishing

https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

Aspinwall, Lisa G. - Brown, Teneille R. - Tabery, James (2012): The double-edged sword: does biomechanism increase or decrease judges' sentencing of psychopaths? Science 337(6096) p. 846-849.

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219569

Balassa László (1961): Igazságügyi elmekórtan. Közgazdasági és Jogi Könyvkiadó,Budapest

Baliousis, Michael - Duggan, Conor - McCarthy, Lucy - Huband, Nick - Völlm, Birgit (2019): Executive function, attention, and memory deficits in antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy. Psychiatry Research 278. p. 151-161.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.046

Blair Robert J. (1995): A cognitive developmental approach to morality: investigating the psychopath. Cognition 57. p. 1-29.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(95)00676-P

Blair Robert J. R. (2008): The cognitive neuroscience of psychopathy and implications for judgments of responsibility. Neuroethics 1(3). p. 149-157.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-008-9016-6

Blair Robert J. R. -Monson Jey -Frederickson Norah (2001): Moral reasoning and conduct problems in children with emotional and behavioural difficulties. Personality and Individual Differences 31. p. 799- 811.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00181-1

BlairRobert J. R. - Mitchell, D. G. V. - Peschardt, K. S. - Colledge, E. - Leonard, R. A. - Shine, J. H. - Murray, L. K. - Perrett, D. I. (2004): Reducedsensitivity to others' fearful expressions in psychopathic individuals. Personality and Individual Differences 37(6). p. 1111-1122.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2003.10.008

Blackburn, Ron - Coid, Jeremy W. (1998): Psychopathy and the dimensions of personality disorder in violent offenders. Personality and Individual Differences 25(1). p. 129-145.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00027-0

Bolyky Orsolya (2018): Az emberölések jogi és kriminológiai jellemzői, különös tekintettel a mentális tényezők büntetőjogi értékelésére. Doktori értekezés. PPKE JÁK Doktori Iskola, Budapest

Brazão, Nélio - da Motta, Carolina - Rijo, Daniel - Pinto-Gouveia, José (2015): The prevalence of personality disorders in Portuguese male prison inmates: Implications for the penitentiary treatment. Análise Psicológica 3. p. 279-290.

https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.975

Brook,Michael - Kosson,David S. (2013): Impaired cognitive empathy in criminal psychopathy: Evidence from a laboratory measure of empathic accuracy. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 122 (1). p. 156-166.

https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030261

Cardinale, Elise M. - Marsh, Abigail A. (2015): Impact of Psychopathy on Moral Judgments about Causing Fear and Physical Harm. PloS one, 10(5), e0125708.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125708

Craissati, Jackie -Joseph, Nick - Skett, Sarah (Eds.) (2020): Practitioner Guide. Working with people in the criminal justice system showing personality difficulties. Third edition. Online: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/869843/6.5151_HMPPS_Working_with_Offenders_with_Personality_Disorder_v17_WEB.pdf (Letöltve: 2020. október 20.)

Crocker, Anne G. - Livington, James D. - Leclair, Marichelle C. (2017): Forensic mental health systems internationally. In: Roesch, Ronald , Cook Alana N. (Eds) Handbook of Forensic Mental Health Services. Routledge: New York. p. 3-76.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315627823-2

Decety, Jean -Lewis, Kimberly L. -Cowell, Jason M. (2015): Specific electrophysiological components disentangle affective sharing and empathic concern in psychopathy. Journal of Neurophysiology 114(1). p. 493-504.

https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00253.2015

Delisi, Matt (2009): Psychopathy is the unified theory of crime. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 7. (2009) p. 256-273.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1541204009333834

Dolan, M. - Doyle, M.(2007): Psychopathy: Diagnosis and implications for treatment. Psychiatry 6(10). p. 404-408.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2007.07.005

Fazel, Seena -Danesh, John (2002): Serious mental disorder in 23000 prisoners: Asystematic review of 62 surveys. Lancet 359. p. 545-550.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07740-1

Földvári József (2003): Magyar büntetőjog. Általános rész. Osiris Kiadó, Budapest

Fuss, Johannes - Dressing, Harald - Briken, Peer (2015): Neurogenetic evidence in the courtroom: a randomised controlled trial with German judges. Journal of. Medical Genetics 52. p. 730-737.

https://doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103284

Grád András (2012): Az antiszociális személyiségzavar jogi vonatkozásai. In: Fekete Mária, Grád András: Pszichológia és pszichopatológia jogászoknak. hvgorac Lap- és Könyvkiadó Kft., Budapest. p. 168-171.

Guillen Gonzalez, Daniela - Bittlinger, Merlin - Erk, Susanne - Müller, Sabine (2019): Neuroscientific and Genetic Evidence in Criminal Cases: A Double-Edged Sword in Germany but Not in the United States? Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2343.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02343

Hare, Robert D. (1996): Psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder: A case of diagnostic confusion. Psychiatric Times 13. p. 39-40.

Hare, R. D. -Neumann, C. S. (2008): Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 4. p. 217-246.

https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091452

Hildebrand, M. - de Ruiter,C. (2004): PCL-Rpsychopathy and its relation to DSM-IV Axis I and II disorders in a sample of male forensic psychiatric patients in the Netherlands. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 27. p. 233-248.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.03.005

Horváth György (2020): Kihívások és lehetőségek a XXI. században: a beszámítási képesség az újabb idegtudományi eredmények tükrében. Magyar Jog 67(6). p. 365-371.

Howard, Richard (2015): Personality disorders and violence: what is the link? Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation Vol. 2. 12. article

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-015-0033-x

Jefferson, Anneli - Sifferd, Katrina (2018): Are Psychopaths Legally Insane? European Journal of Analytic Philosophy 14(1). p. 79-96.

https://doi.org/10.31820/ejap.14.1.5

Johanson, Mika - Vaurio, Olli - Tiihonen, Jari - Lähteenvuo, Markku (2020): A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging of Psychopathic Traits. Frontiers in Psychiatry 10. art. 1027.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01027

Johnson, Sally C. - Elbogen, Eric B. (2013): Personality disorders at the interface of psychiatry and the law: legal use and clinical classification. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience 15(2). p. 203-211.

https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2013.15.2/sjohnson

Kiehl, Kent A. (2006): A cognitive neuroscience perspective on psychopathy: Evidence for paralimbic system dysfunction. Psychiatry Research 142. p. 107-128.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2005.09.013

Magyar István (1968): A beszámítási képességet befolyásoló psychopathiás reactiók. Ideggyógyászati Szemle21. évf. 11. p. 487-496.

Marsh, Abigail A. - Cardinale, E. M. (2014): When psychopathy impairs moral judgments: Neural responses during judgments about causing fear. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 9. p. 3-11.

https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nss097

Meynen, Gerben (2016): Legal insanity: Explorations in psychiatry, law and ethics. (International library of ethics, law and the new medicine, vol. 71.) Springer: New York

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44721-6

Morse,Stephen J. (2008): Psychopathy and criminal responsibility. Neuroethics 1. p. 205-121.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-008-9021-9

Muñoz-Negro, José E. -Martínez Barbero, José P. -Smith, Felicity -Leonard, Brooke -Martínez, Padilla J. - Ibáñez-Casas, Immaculada (2018): The controversial relationship between neuroscience and moral responsibility in psychopaths. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences. Article no. 40.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41935-018-0071-9

Neumann Craig S. - Hare Robert D. (2008): Psychopathic traits in a large community sample: links to violence, alcohol use, and intelligence. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 76(5). p. 893-899.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.5.893

Patrick Cristopher J. (1994): Emotion and psychopathy: Startling new insights Psychophysiology 31(4). p. 319-330.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb02440.x

Porter, Stephen (1996): Without conscience or without active conscience? The etiology of psychopathy revisited. Aggression and Violent Behavior 1(2). p. 179-189.

https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-1789(95)00010-0

Porter, Steven -Birt Angie R. -Boer, Douglas P. (2001): Investigation of the criminal and conditional release profiles of Canadian federal offenders as a function of psychopathy and age. Law and Human Behavior 25. p. 647-661.

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012710424821

Roberts, Amanda D. L. - Coid, Jeremy W. (2009): Personality disorder and offending behaviour: Findings from the national survey of male prisoners in England and Wales. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 21(2). p. 221-237.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14789940903303811

Saks, Michel J. - Schweitzer, N. J. - Aharoni, Eyal - Kiehl, Kent A. (2014): The Impact of Neuroimages on Sentencing. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 11. p. 105-131.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12036

Schmahl, Christian - Phan, K. Luan - O. Friedel, Robert (Eds.) (2018): Neurobiology of personality disorders. Oxford University Press: New York

https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199362318.001.0001

Sparr, Landy F. (2009): Personality disorders and criminal Law: An international perspective. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online 37(2). p. 168-181.

Szabó Edina - Galambos Attila - Szabó Judit - Kökönyei Gyöngyi (2016): A pszichopátiás személyiségzavar altípusai: elsődleges és másodlagos változat. Alkalmazott Pszichológia 16(4). p. 49-70.

Szabó Judit (2019): A pszichopátia fogalma és kriminológiai jelentősége. In: Bárd Petra, Borbíró Andrea, Gönczöl Katalin (szerk.): Kriminológia és kriminálpolitika a jogállam szolgálatában: Tanulmányok Lévay Miklós tiszteletére. ELTE Eötvös Kiadó, Budapest. p. 213-220.

Vaughn, Michael G. - DeLisi, Matt (2008): Were Wolfgang's chronic offenders psychopaths? On the convergent validity between psychopathy and career criminality. Journal of Criminal Justice 36(1) p. 33-42.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2007.12.008

Volkert, Jana - Gablonski, Thorsten-Christian - Rabung, Sven (2018): Prevalence of personality disorders in the general adult population in Western countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry 213(6). p. 709-715.

https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.202

Walsh, Zach - Kosson, David S. (2008): Psychopathy and violence: the importance of factor level interactions. Psychological Assessment 20(2). p. 114-120.

https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.20.2.114

Winsper, Catherine - Bilgin, Ayten - Thompson, Andrew - Marhawa, Steven - Chanen, Andrew M. - Singh, Swaran P. - Wang, Ariel - Furtado, Vivek (2019): The prevalence of personality disorders in the community: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry 216(2). p. 69-78.

https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.166

Megjelent
2026-02-02
Folyóirat szám
Rovat
„Jövőformáló tudomány" konferencia