The analytic hierarchy process as a cognitive tool for evaluating switch components

Mykola Kurhan; Dmytro  KURHAN; Serhii  BAIDAK; Vladyslav  KHMELEVSKYI

doi:10.55343/CogSust.20523

Mykola Kurhan
Dmytro KURHAN Department Transport Infrastructure, Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9448-5269
Serhii BAIDAK Department Transport Infrastructure, Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7909-8527
Vladyslav KHMELEVSKYI Department Transport Infrastructure, Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies Dnipro, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3221-6955

DOI: https://doi.org/10.55343/CogSust.20523

Keywords: railway switch, traffic safety, service life, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), cognitive processes

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to improve the approach to the comprehensive evaluation of switch elements by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method makes it possible to determine their priority according to safety and efficiency criteria, as well as to justify optimal strategies for modernization and reconstruction under conditions of increasing train speeds. The scientific approach involves the use of AHP with consideration of the specific operational features of switches on high-speed railways. In particular, the study accounts for higher safety and speed requirements, decreasing maintenance costs, and the reduced service life of structural components. A hierarchy of criteria was developed, along with pairwise comparisons, the calculation of weighting coefficients, and an integrated assessment of alternatives. The application of AHP enabled the determination of the priority of each switch type based on the criteria of traffic safety, speed, operational costs, and service life. According to the analysis, the priorities of the main switch elements were established as follows: frog – 0.395; closure curve – 0.234; switch blade – 0.190; switch curve – 0.181. These results confirm that the frog is the most critical element in terms of its overall impact on safety, speed, and maintenance costs, which is primarily due to its structural complexity and high wear rate (especially under dynamic loads). The findings provide a basis for informed decision-making regarding the prioritization of repair or replacement of individual structural elements, considering the operating conditions of high-speed lines.

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