A természet és a személy fogalma Boëthiusnál

Absztrakt

The notion of person and nature by Boethius The title of the fifth one of Boethius’ theological writings Opuscula Sacra is Contra Eutychen et Nestorium. According to Boethius’ argumentation in this treatise he can refuse successfully the two mentioned theologists’ Christological views and present the approach of the Church by defining of the concept of person (persona) and nature (natura). Boethius’ definition is that person is the individual substance of rational nature where the nature is the specific difference that gives form to anything. In his treatise Boethius asserts that Nestorius made a double person in Christ because he believed one person has only one nature although there was the divine and human nature at the same time in Christ, and Eutyches denied one of the natures and confessed only the divine one in Christ by the same reason what Nestorius thought. Boethius suggested as a solution that the subsistence has to be universal, essence has to be an entity being in the singular things and substance has to be both universal and individual just as the concept of person. By comparing the concepts to each other and analyzing them, Boethius wrote that Christ was the individual substance of the divine and the human rational nature so Christ was one person. This article includes the Hungarian translation of Boethius’ treatise with an introduction making a historical summary and presenting the argumentation of Boethius.