Invisible Green: let birdsong be for everyone! – Improving access to nature for the blind and partially sighted

  • Barbara Mihók Environmental Social Science Research Group Nonprofit Ltd.; Institute of Ecological Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Szeged
  • Anna Mária Ballai Association of the Blind and Visually Impaired of Csongrád-Csanád County
Keywords: mental well-being, accessibility, ecotourism, equal opportunities, attitude change

Abstract

For blind and partially sighted individuals, experiencing nature is often difficult to access, even though it would be particularly important for their mental well-being. Our participatory research project Invisible Green aimed to explore how nature experiences can be made more accessible and meaningful for people living with vision loss. Through a collaborative design, the study employed qualitative interviews, focus group discussions, and field trips. The results highlight that nature can be perceived through all our senses, and provides a deeply personal and rich experience. A safe and inclusive social environment, alongside the opportunity to experience autonomy, is crucial for the blind and partially sighted. Inclusivity and access are supported not only by physical and infocommunicational tools but also by removing „attitudinal barriers”: cultivating an empathetic, open mindset, encouraging mutual learning, and developing assistance protocols within the relevant institutions.

References

Bandukda, M., Singh, A., Berthouze, N., Holloway, C. (2019): Understanding experiences of blind individuals in outdoor nature. In: Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3313008

Ballantyne, R., Packer, J. (2011): Using tourism free‐choice learning experiences to promote environmentally sustainable behaviour: the role of post‐visit ‘action resources.’ Environmental Education Research 17(2): 201–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2010.530645

Bell, S. L. (2019): Experiencing nature with sight impairment: Seeking freedom from ableism. Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 2: 304–322. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514848619835720

Brunes, A., Heir, T. (2020): Visual impairment and depression: Age-specific prevalence, associations with vision loss, and relation to life satisfaction. World Journal of Psychiatry 10: 139–149. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v10.i6.139

Coventry, P. A., Brown, J. E., Pervin, J., Brabyn, S., Pateman, R., Breedvelt, J., Gilbody, S., Stancliffe, R., McEachan, R., White, P. L. (2021): Nature-based outdoor activities for mental and physical health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SSM – Population Health 16: 100934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100934

Gomes, A., Eusébio, C. (2023): Empowering people with visual disabilities through rural tourism: the benefits of nature activities and how the various travel constraints can be overcome. Tourism Recreation Research 48: 940–954. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2023.2221071

Dúll, A., Dósa, Z. (2005): A természeti környezet – környezetpszichológiai megközelítésben. Tájökológiai Lapok 3(1): 19-25. https://doi.org/10.56617/tl.4506

Mackay, C. M. L., Schmitt, M. T. (2019): Do people who feel connected to nature do more to protect it? A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology 65: 101323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.101323

Macpherson, H. (2009). The intercorporeal emergence of landscape: Negotiating sight, blindness, and ideas of landscape in the British countryside. Environment and planning A, 41(5): 1042–1054. https://doi.org/10.1068/a40365

Mayring, P. (2021): Qualitative Content Analysis: A Step-by-Step Guide. Sage Publications Ltd., 240 p.

Málovics, G. (2019): Tudás létrehozása társadalmi hatással karöltve: a részvételi akciókutatás (RAK) megközelítése. Magyar Tudomány 180 (8): 1147–1157. https://doi.org/10.1556/2065.180.2019.8.5

Moriggi, A. (2022): An Ethos and Practice of Appreciation for Transformative Research: Appreciative Inquiry, Care Ethics, and Creative Methods. In: Franklin, A. (ed.): Co-Creativity and Engaged Scholarship: Transformative Methods in Social Sustainability Research. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 131–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84248-2_5

Nind, M. (2014): What is inclusive research? Bloomsbury Academic

Nyman, S. R., Dibb, B., Victor, C. R., Gosney, M. A. (2012): Emotional well-being and adjustment to vision loss in later life: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Disability and Rehabilitation 34: 971–981. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2011.626487

Raffay, Z., Gonda, T. (2020): Az akadálymentes turizmus innovatív jó gyakorlata. Modern Geográfia 15: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15170/MG.2020.15.04.01

Rokach, A., Berman, D., Rose, A. (2021): Loneliness of the blind and the visually impaired. Frontiers in Psychology 12: 641711 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641711

Shaw, B., Coyle, A., Gatersleben, B., Ungar, S. (2015): Exploring nature experiences of people with visual impairments / Vivir la naturaleza con una discapacidad visual. PsyEcology: Bilingual Journal of Environmental Psychology 6: 287–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/21711976.2015.1026086

Siu, K. W. M. (2013). Accessible park environments and facilities for the visually impaired. Facilities, 31(13): 590–609. https://doi.org/10.1108/f-10-2011-0079

Small, J., Darcy, S., Packer, T. (2012): The embodied tourist experiences of people with vision impairment: Management implications beyond the visual gaze. Tourism Management 33(4): 941–950.

Smalley, A. (2019): Nature Narratives guidance launched. Sensing Nature. Supporting multisensory visitor experiences at natural heritage settings – Audio description and access guidance for staff and volunteers. Online tájékoztató. https://sensing-nature.com/news/nature-narratives-guidance

Teixeira, A., Gabriel, R., Martinho, J., Santos, M., Faria, A., Oliveira, I., Moreira, H. (2023): Pro-environmental behaviors: Relationship with nature visits, connectedness to nature and physical activity. American Journal of Health Promotion 37: 12–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221119089

Weiler, M., Whiting, A., Sajid, W., Dewan, N., Dutta, T. (2024): Accessibility of national parks and other natural protected areas for people with disabilities: a scoping review of the academic literature. World Leisure Journal 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2024.2413069

Whitburn, J., Linklater, W., Abrahamse, W. (2020): Meta‐analysis of human connection to nature and proenvironmental behavior. Conservation Biology, 34(1): 180–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13381

World Health Organization (2023): Vision impairment and blindness. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment

Xian, Z., Nakaya, T., Liu, K., Zhao, B., Zhang, Junhua, Zhang, Jiao, Lin, Y., Zhang, Jinguang (2024): The effects of neighbourhood green spaces on mental health of disadvantaged groups: a systematic review. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 11: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-02970-1

http1: EASPD (2024) – Towards Human-rights based Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services across Europe. https://easpd.eu/resources-detail/easpd-innovation-awards-2024-mental-health-and-psychosocial-disability-services/

http2: Natural England (2023) – JP050 Creating More Accessible Green & Blue Spaces: Understanding the experiences of people with visual impairments that visit green and blue spaces. https://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/6281542247383040

http3: MVGYOSZ (2025): Magyar Vakok és Gyengénlátók Országos Szövetsége. https://mvgyosz.hu/

http4: European Commission (2021): Empowerment through inclusion: The European Commission’s strategy for persons with disabilities. https://transition-pathways.europa.eu/policy/empowerment-through-inclusion-european-commissions-strategy-persons-disabilities

http5: https://www.knp.hu/hu/hirek/latasserultek-kirandultak-a-peszeri-erdoben-281

http6: https://sensing-nature.com

http7: https://www.nature-without-barriers.eu/hu/j%C3%B3-p%C3%A9ld%C3%A1k-%C3%A9s-gyakorlatok.html

http8: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/accessibility/plan-your-visit.htm

http9: https://www.interregeurope.eu/good-practices/tourist-paths-for-persons-with-visual-impairment-in-podkarpackie-region?utm_source=chatgpt.com

http10:https://finland.fi/life-society/nature-is-for-everyone-finland-adds-to-accessibility-at-national-parks-and-nature-areas/

Published
2025-11-29
Section
Social Sciences in Conservation