THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON MOROCCAN AGRICULTURE – ADAPTATION OPTIONS BASED ON POLICY MAKERS' INTENTIONS AND FARMERS' EXPERIENCES

Abstract

Morocco is already experiencing the serious impacts of climate change, with droughts expected to become more frequent and prolonged. These changes threaten agricultural sus­tainability, food security, trade balance, and farmers’ livelihoods. This study examined how drought currently affects agriculture, the challenges institutions face in promoting sustainable practices, and whether government plans and support align with farmers’ needs and knowledge. Findings from expert interviews and farmer surveys indicate that drought is the most pressing issue, and while training and financial aid are in place, they have yielded limited progress. High illiteracy, lack of participatory planning, and a disconnect between policy and farmers’ perspectives hinder effectiveness. Morocco’s export-driven agriculture often overlooks local realities, and reform is slow due to entrenched habits and resistance to change. A more inclu­sive, participatory approach that incorporates farmers’ input is crucial to creating sustainable and adaptive agricultural policies aligned with national priorities.