Új színfolt a börtönök palettáján: a „zöld börtön”
Absztrakt
„Zölddé válni” egy sokrétű megközelítés, amely az alternatív, költséghatékony és környezetbarát technológiákra, illetve energiafelhasználásra fókuszál. A jelen tanulmány bemutatja, hogy a büntetés-végrehajtási intézetek nagy szerepet játszhatnak a környezet védelmében és a természeti erőforrások fenntartásában. Miként az otthonok és a vállalkozások zölddé válnak környezetbarát és gazdaságilag felelősségteljes gyakorlatok alkalmazásával, ugyanez bekövetkezhet a végrehajtási intézetek tekintetében is. A tanulmány alapján a zöld börtönök két előnnyel bírnak: a környezetbarát intézetek csökkenthetik a bebörtönzés költségeit és egyúttal megtaníthatják a fogvatartottakat olyan készségekre/képességekre, amelyeket hasznosítani tudnak a szabadulás után, emellett jobb eséllyel kerülik el a visszaesést. Kulcsszavak: „zöld börtön”, környezetbarát, költséghatékony, zöld project
Hivatkozások
Barks, C. (2016): Wind Power Behind Bars. Electric Apparatus Magazine 11. February 2016. Online: [https://electricalapparatus.wordpress.com/2016/02/11/wind-power-behind-bars/](https://electricalapparatus.wordpress.com/2016/02/11/wind-power-behind-bars/)
Brandt, K. A. (2011): Plugging in: Reinterpreting the Traditional Housing. Archetype Within a Community Using Shipping Containers. Master of Science Dissertation, The University of North Carolina.
Bv. Hírlevél 2016/3.
Clarke, S. E. (2011): Assessing the Rehabilitative Potential of Science and Sustainability Education in Prisons: A Study of the Sustainable Prisons Project. The Evergreen State College. Online: [http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Clarke_SMESThesis2011.pdf](http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Clarke_SMESThesis2011.pdf)
Container cells for Rimutaka Prison. Online: [http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/2805169/Container-cells-for-Rimutaka-Prison](http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/2805169/Container-cells-for-Rimutaka-Prison)
Department of Corrections Washington State (2015): Sustainability in Prisons Project. Fiscal Year 2014, Annual Report. Online: [http://sustainabilityinprisons.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/SPP-Annual-Report-for-partners.pdf](http://sustainabilityinprisons.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/SPP-Annual-Report-for-partners.pdf)
Department of Corrections Washington State (2016): Sustainability in Prisons Project Fiscal Year 2016. Annual Report. Online: [http://sustainabilityinprisons.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/SPP-Annual-Report-FY16-reduced-size.pdf](http://sustainabilityinprisons.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/SPP-Annual-Report-FY16-reduced-size.pdf)
Furuto, A. (2012): Female prison/OOIIO Architecture. Online: [http://www.archdaily.com/244702/female-prison-ooiio-architecture](http://www.archdaily.com/244702/female-prison-ooiio-architecture)
Gallagher, B. E. (2013): Science and Sustainability Programs in Prisons: Assessing the Effects of Participation on Inmates. The Evergreen State College. Online: [http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Gallagher_B2013.pdf](http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession86-10MES/Gallagher_B2013.pdf)
Gateway Containers: 5 cost effective uses of second hand containers in prisons. Online: [http://www.gatewaycontainersales.com.au/5-cost-effective-uses-of-second-hand-containers-in-prisons/](http://www.gatewaycontainersales.com.au/5-cost-effective-uses-of-second-hand-containers-in-prisons/)
GetSolar Staff: Vanguard Energy Completes Solar Installation at Fairton Prison. Online: [https://info.getsolar.com/news/New-Jersey/Solar-Panels/Vanguard-Energy-Completes-Solar-Installation-at-Fairton-Prison-19926026](https://info.getsolar.com/news/New-Jersey/Solar-Panels/Vanguard-Energy-Completes-Solar-Installation-at-Fairton-Prison-19926026)
Gilbert, E. (2012): Urban Garden Programs Reach Out to Inmates and At-Risk Populations. Washington DC: Worldwatch Institute, March 06, 2012.
Graham, K. (2015): Norway's Bastoy prison changes lives using human ecology. Digital Journal February 25, 2015. Online: [http://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/norway-s-bastoy-prison-changes-lives-using-human-ecology/article/426985](http://www.digitaljournal.com/news/world/norway-s-bastoy-prison-changes-lives-using-human-ecology/article/426985)
Grant, E. (2013): "Pack 'em, rack 'em and stack 'em": The appropriateness of the use and reuse of shipping containers for prison accommodation. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building 2013/2.
https://doi.org/10.5130/AJCEB.v13i2.3269
Henrichson, C. - Delaney, R. (2012): The Price of Prisons. What Incarceration Costs Taxpayers. Vera Institute of Justice, January 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2012.25.1.68
Jewkes, Y. - Moran, D. (2014): Should prison architecture be brutal, bland or beautiful? Scottish Justice Matters, March 2014.
Jewkes, Y. - Moran, D. (2015): The paradox of the "green" prison: Sustaining the environment or sustaining the penal complex? Theoretical Criminology 2015/4.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1362480615576270
Jiler, J. (2009): Restoring Lives, Transforming Landscapes: The GreenHouse Program at Rikers Island Jail. In: Wiesen, Anne - Campbell, Lindsay: Restorative Commons: Creating Health and Well-Being through Urban Landscapes. Newtown Square, 2009.
Le, P. (2008): Prisons going green to save on costs. Facilities turn to solar panels, wind turbines, recycling. S.F. Chron., November 2008. Online: [http://www.sfgate.com/green/article/Prisons-going-green-to-save-on-costs-3263339.php](http://www.sfgate.com/green/article/Prisons-going-green-to-save-on-costs-3263339.php)
Moore, E. (1981): A prison environment's effect on health care service demands. Journal of Environmental Systems 1981/11.
https://doi.org/10.2190/KM50-WH2K-K2D1-DM69
Moran, D. - Jewkes, Y. (2014): "Green" prisons: rethinking the "sustainability" of the carceral estate. Geographica Helvetica 69. 2014.
https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-69-345-2014
Moseley Architects: First LEED Gold Project for the Federal Bureau of Prisons. Online: [http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/first-leed-gold-project-for-the-federal-bureau-of-prisons-214023101.html](http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/first-leed-gold-project-for-the-federal-bureau-of-prisons-214023101.html)
Pallo J. (2015): Egyre jobban éget a seb…. Börtönügyi Szemle. 2015/1.
Pittaro, M. (2015): Prisons going green. Online: [http://inpublicsafety.com/2015/10/prisons-going-green/](http://inpublicsafety.com/2015/10/prisons-going-green/)
Rice, J. S. - Remy, L. L. (1998): Impact of horticultural therapy on psychosocial functioning among urban jail inmates. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 1998/26.
https://doi.org/10.1300/J076v26n03_10
Ryan, R. (2015): Bastoy prison in Norway is the world's first ecological prison. Online: [http://www.news.com.au/bastoy-prison-in-norway-is-the-worlds-first-ecological-prison/news-story/914148c3fd7f0851521a1bfec28de8bf](http://www.news.com.au/bastoy-prison-in-norway-is-the-worlds-first-ecological-prison/news-story/914148c3fd7f0851521a1bfec28de8bf)
Schenkel, A. (2016): 14 green prisons. Mother nature network. November 2016. Online: [http://www.mnn.com/money/green-workplace/photos/14-green-prisons/federal-correctional-institution-in-phoenix-arizona](http://www.mnn.com/money/green-workplace/photos/14-green-prisons/federal-correctional-institution-in-phoenix-arizona)
Sharp, R. (2010): Green prison: Where security meets ecology. Independent, August 2010. Online: [http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/green-living/green-prison-where-security-meets-ecology-2054270.html](http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/green-living/green-prison-where-security-meets-ecology-2054270.html)
U.S. Department of Justice (2014): The Greening of Corrections: Creating a sustainable system, National Institute of Corrections, 2014.
Ugelvik, T. (2016): Prisons as welfare institutions? Punishment and the Nordic Model. In: Bennett - Jewkes - Crewe (eds.): Handbook on prisons. London, Routledge, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315797779-23
Van der Linden, S. (2015a): The rise of green prison programs. How exposure to nature is reducing crime. Psychology Today. Online: [https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/socially-relevant/201508/the-rise-green-prison-programs](https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/socially-relevant/201508/the-rise-green-prison-programs)
Van der Linden, S. (2015b): Green prison programmes, recidivism and mental health: A primer. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 2015/25.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1978
Waitkus, K. (2004): The impact of a garden program on the physical environment and social climate of a prison yard at San Quentin state prison. Pepperdine University, Los Angeles, 2004. Online: [http://pepperdine.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15093coll2/id/94](http://pepperdine.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15093coll2/id/94)
Webster, A. (2010): Environmental prison reform: lower costs and greener world. New England Journal on Criminal & Civil Confinement 2010/1.
Wheeland, M. (2010): A (Green) Prison Made of Shipping Containers. Online: [https://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2010/06/11/green-prison-made-shipping-containers](https://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2010/06/11/green-prison-made-shipping-containers)
Winter, C. (2011): Union to put cell plan back in its box. ABC News, 4th August 2011. Online: [http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-08-03/shipping-containers-prison-cells-union/2822888](http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-08-03/shipping-containers-prison-cells-union/2822888)
Bastoy Prison. URL: [http://www.bastoyfengsel.no/English/bastoy-fengsel-Eng.html](http://www.bastoyfengsel.no/English/bastoy-fengsel-Eng.html)
World Prison Brief: United States of America. URL: [http://www.prisonstudies.org/country/united-states-america](http://www.prisonstudies.org/country/united-states-america)
Biomass Boilers Used in Indiana Prisons. URL: [http://www.bionomicfuel.com/biomass-boilers-used-in-indiana-prisons/](http://www.bionomicfuel.com/biomass-boilers-used-in-indiana-prisons/)
Wind turbine installed at Victorville prison, California. URL: [http://www.windpowermonthly.com/article/959135/wind-turbine-installed-victorville-prison-california](http://www.windpowermonthly.com/article/959135/wind-turbine-installed-victorville-prison-california)
Urban Garden Programs Reach Out to Inmates and At-Risk Populations. URL: [http://www.worldwatch.org/urban-garden-programs-reach-out-inmates-and-risk-populations](http://www.worldwatch.org/urban-garden-programs-reach-out-inmates-and-risk-populations)
