Effect of environmentally safe plant protection methods on the biodiversity and species composition of apple orchard carabid (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages
Abstract
The possibility of protection of orchard carabids was investigated in apple orchards treated with broad spectrum insecticides (conventional orchard), treated mainly with selective insecticides (IPM) and in an abandoned orchard, in 1999-2001, at Újfehértó, Hungary. A total of 2272 individuals comprising 65 species were collected by pitfall trapping. The most common species in decreasing order were: Harpalus distinguendus, Amara anthobia, Calathus erratus, Harpalus rufipes, Harpalus tardus. The composition of carabid assemblages in the commercial orchards separated well from the abandoned orchard. The less intense insecticide pressure in the IPM orchard has resulted greater species richness and diversity compared to the conventional orchard. However, as the dominant species {H. distinguendus) was able to compensate for the higher insecticide disturbance, the activity-abundance of carabid assemblages was not different between the IPM and the conventional orchard.
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