Preliminary results about analysis of decomposition efficiency in different quality of urban soils (GLUSEEN, Budapest)
Abstract
The pilot study of Global Urban Soil Ecology and Education Network (GLUSEEN) occurs in 5 cities in 4 countries on a global scale including Hungary (Budapest) as well. The main objective of the research is to test the ’convergence hypothesis’ through decomposition efficiency of soil organic matter in different quality and degree of disturbance of urban soils. The goal is to establish suitable and simple, inexpensive methods for citizen science and for scientific researches. During our study 4 habitat types (in 5 replicates) were set out in each city: ruderal, turf, remnant and reference. Soil organic matter decomposition rate was determined by tea bag method. Tea bags were placed in study fields in 2013 and were retrieved after 4, 6, 10, 12 months. According to our results of ANOVA, there was a significant difference between habitat types in decomposition rates from the 6th month (F=11.238, p<0.0001) which were the highest in case of turfs and ruderals.This corresponds to the results of the other cities involved and proves the convergence hypothesis: soil pH and organic matter content under different
References
Barrios, E. (2007): Soil biota, ecosystem services and land productivity. – Ecol. Econ. 64 (2): 269–285.
Brunn, M., Spielvogel, S., Sauer, T. & Oelmann, Y. (2014): Temperature and precipitation effects on δ13C profiles in SOM under temperate beech forests. – Geoderma 235-236: 146–153.
Cui, J. & Holden, N. M. (2015): The relationship between soil microbial activity and microbial biomass, soil structure and grassland management. – Soil Till. Res. 146: 32–38.
Davidson, E. A. & Janssens, I. A. (2006): Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change. – Nature 440 (9): 165–173.
Dominati, E., Patterson, M. & Mackay, A. (2010): A framework for classifying and quantifying the natural capital and ecosystem services of soils. – Ecol Econ. 69: 1858–1868.
Groffman, P. M., Pouyat, R. V., Cadenasso M. L., Zipperer, W. C., Szlavecz, K., Yesilonis, I. D., Band, L. E. & Brush, G. S. (2006): Land use context and natural soil controls on plant community composition and soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in urban and rural forests. – Forest Ecol. Manag. 236: 177–192.
Gros, R., Monrozier, L. J., Bartoli, F., Chotte, J. L. & Faivre, P. (2004): Relationships between soil physico-chemcial properties and microbial activity along a restoration chronosequence of alpine grasslands following ski run construction. – Appl. Soil Ecol. 27: 7–22.
Hӓttenschwiler, S., Tiunov, A. V. & Scheu, S. (2005): Biodiversity and litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. – Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. S. 36: 191–218.
Hӓttenschwiler, S. (2010): Diversity meets decomposition. – Trends Ecol. Evol. 25 (6): 372–380.
Heimann, M. & Reichstein, M. (2008): Terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics and climate feedbacks. – Nature 451 (17): 289–292.
Keuskamp, J. A., Dingemans, B. J. J., Lehtinen, T., Sarneel, J. M. & Hefting, M. M. (2013): Tea Bag Index: a novel approach to collect uniform decomposition data accross ecosystems. – Methods Ecol. Evol. 4 (11): 1070–1075.
Marhan, S., Auber, J. & Poll, C. (2015): Additive effects of earthworms, nitrogen-rich litter and elevated soil temperature on N2O emission and nitrate leaching from an arable soil. – Appl. Soil Ecol. 86: 55–61.
Nielsen, U. N., Ayres, E., Wall, D. H. & Bardgett, R. D. (2011): Soil biodiversity and carbon cycling: a review and synthesis of studies examining diverstiy-function relationships. – Eur. J. Soil Sci. 62: 105–116.
Pouyat, R. V., Russell-Anelli, J., Yesilonis, I. D. & Groffman, P. M. (2003): Soil carbon in urban forest ecosystems. – In: Kimble, J. M., Heath, L. S., Birdsey, R. A. & Lal, R. (Eds.): The Potential of U.S. Forest Soils to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 347–362.
Pouyat, R. V., Belt, K., Pataki, D., Groffman, P. M., Hom, J. & Band, L. (2007): Urban land use change effects on biogeochemical cycles. – In: Canadell, J. G., Pataki, D. E., Pitelka & L. F. (Eds.): Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World. Global Change, the IGBP Series. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, pp. 45–58.
Pouyat, R. V., Yesilonis, I. D., Szlavecz, K., Csuzdi, C., Hornung, E., Korsós, Z., Russell-Anelli, J. & Giorgio, V. (2008): Response of forest soil properties to urbanization gradients in three metropolitan areas. – Landsc. Ecol. 23: 1187–1203.
R Core Team. (2013): R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. http://www.R-project.org/
Salamanca, E. F., Kaneko, N. & Katagiri, S. (2003): Rainfall manipulation effects on litter decomposition and the microbial biomass of the forest floor. – Appl. Soil Ecol. 22: 271–281.
Schimel, J. P. & Weintraub, M. N. (2003): The implications of exoenzyme activity on microbial carbon and nitrogen limitation in soil:a theoretical model. – Soil Biol. Biochem.35: 549–563.
Setia, R., Gottschalk, P., Smith, P., Marschner, P., Baldock, J., Setia, D. & Smith J. (2013): Soil salinity decreases global soil organic carbon stocks. – Sci. Total Environ. 465: 267–272.
Stefanovits, P., Filep, Gy. & Füleky, Gy. (szerk.) (1999): Talajtan. – Mezőgazda Kiadó, Budapest, 470 pp.
Vance, E. D. & Chapin III, F. S. (2001): Substrate limitations to microbial activity in taiga forest floors. – Soil Biol. Biochem. 33: 173–188.
Vanhala, P., Karhu, K., Tuomi, M., Björklöf, K., Fritze, H. & Liski, J. (2008): Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition in southern and northern areas of the boreal forest zone. – Soil Biol. Biochem. 40: 1758–1764.
United Nations (2014): 2014 Revision of the World Urbanization Prospects (http://esa.un.org/unpd/ wup/) Utolsó hozzáférés: 2014. 12. 30.
Zwoliński, J. (1994): Rates of organic matter decomposition in forests polluted with heavy metals. – Ecol. Eng. 3: 17–26.
