Faludy György Villon-balladáinak korai szövegváltozatai

Az 1933–1937 közötti sajtómegjelenések és az 1937-es első Officina-kiadás összevetése

Absztrakt

Although George Faludy is known in the public consciousness as the “Hungarian translator of Villon”, in recent decades research has reached a consensus that Faludy’s Villon ballads are not all translations, paraphrases (re-writings) or adaptations of Villon poems, but are often independent works using motifs from the original Villon poems. Several poems are based on Paul Zech’s adaptation of Villon, and in one case, on a Bertolt Brecht poem written in the Villon style. Before the first Officina book edition in 1937, Faludy published a significant part of Villon’s ballads in newspapers and magazines between 1933 and 1937: thirteen of the sixteen poems in the first edition had been published earlier. In the absence of an original manuscript, these press editions represent the text version closest to the time of their original creation, and it is therefore worth comparing the press and book editions. No one has made such a comparison before. On the one hand, the comparison reflects the efforts of censorship: the omission of lines and words in magazines. The small changes may also result from fluctuations in spelling: in the journal we can still find Faludy’s spelling, but not in the volume. Finally, the changes, which show significant content and stylistic differences, may have served several purposes: the book versions are typically more lyrical and symbolic compared to the often more powerful, concrete first text versions.