The Types and Historical Development of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in the Context of Early Ethical and Legal Reactions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55019/plr.2026.1.145-161Kulcsszavak:
assisted reproductive, technologies, ethical concerns of ART, historical background of ART, sperm donation, surrogacyAbsztrakt
The paper sets forth the explanation of the main types of assisted reproductive technologies and their medical, cultural and historical evolution. First, it deals with artificial insemination and sperm cryopresevation, after that the research explores the development of in vitro fertilisation in connection with egg and embryo donation. The study lays special emphasis on the early ethical and legal attempts to regulate the field of assisted reproduction, considering ethical documents and organizations, legal regulation and case law in the United States, England, Germany and Hungary.
The essay’s conclusion is in general, that for most states, there was an early period when assisted reproduction was actually prohibited. After that, in almost all countries, various regulatory bodies and legal regulations have classified assisted reproductive technologies as permissible procedures for the treatment of infertility. Consequently, limitations on the human embryo and the family, which had been established on long traditional development, were gradually dismantled.
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