Author Guidelines

Uniform guide to reference and manuscript formatting  

We kindly request the authors to be kind enough to hand over with the manuscript a short abstract of not more than 900 characters in the English language, as well as a minimum of 5 keywords in English language at the beginning of the text; and an alphabetical bibliography at the end of the text.

I. General rules

1. General formatting  

1.1. The base text should be written with “Times New Roman” font, a size of 12 points, single line spacing, and justified paragraphs, without hyphenation. Further formatting is unnecessary. Please pay extra attention to avoid any sort of automated formatting!

1.2. Title and author

                                                                                 TITLE WITH ALL CAPS, CENTRED

                                                                                       Subtitle in italics, centred

                                   UNDER THE TITLE STANDS THE AUTHOR’S NAME WITH SMALL CAPS, CENTRED

                                  Under the author’s name stands their academic title and (affiliation in brackets)

Example:

                                                                                  INFLUENCING THE MASSES

                                Regulations of social morality by Constantinian Constitutions in the Codex Theodosianus

                                                                                Elisabeth HERRMANN-OTTO

                                                            Professorin für Alte Geschichte (Universität Trier)

1.3. Chapters and subchapters stand with Arabic numerals, with normal font style, at the end of each paragraph ENTER could be used. Subchapters are numbered 1.1., 1.2., etc. with three subchapter levels at the most. No headers or footers are allowed.

2. Emphases and quotations  

2.1. In the base text emphasis is given by italics or simple ‘quotation marks’; underlined, bold, SMALL CAPS are not allowed. With italics, single words or expressions could be formatted, only when it’s necessary.

2.2. If the emphasis is given to certain words or expressions by quotation marks (not actual quotation!), not the traditional double (“…”), but simple (‘…’) quotation marks should be used.  

Example:  

‘rule of law’ (instead of “rule of law”)

2.3. In the case of quotations, “smart quotes” should be used instead of "word processor format". To mark the switch between “[m]inuscule” and “[M]ajuscule”, as well as to “mark omissions […] square brackets” should be used.

II. Citation rules

1. General rules

• Footnotesshould be continuouslynumbered.
• Each reference should contain the most essential data of the work cited, as follows:

1.2.1. Books

Author’s first name in normal AUTOR’S SURNAME IN SMALL CAPS: Title of the book in italics. Series title. Place published, Publisher, edition, year. Page or page from–to (use em dash without space).

     Example:

Max KASER: Das römische Privatrecht, Bd. 1. Handbuch der Altertumswissenschaft. München, C. H. Beck, 2. Aufl., 1971. 268. / 268–275.

1.2.2. Edited books, essay volumes

Author’s first name in normal AUTOR’S SURNAME IN SMALL CAPS: Title of the book in normal. In: Editor’s first name in normal EDITOR’S SURNAME IN SMALL CAPS (ed.): Volume title. Series title. Place published, Publisher, edition, year. Page or page from–to (use em dash without space).

     Example:

Giovanni PUGLIESE: Appunti sugli impuberi e i minori in diritto romano. In: Franco PASTORI (ed.): Studi in onore di Arnaldo Biscardi IV. Milano, Istituto Editoriale Cisalpino – La Goliardica, 1983. 469–501.

1.2.3. Journals

As a general rule, please, bear in mind that the title of the journal cannot be abbreviated. The format goes as it follows:

Author’s first name in normal AUTOR’S SURNAME IN SMALL CAPS: Title of the paper in normal. Full title of the journal in italics volume, and issue. (year), Page or page from–to (use em dash without space).

     Example:

Olivia ROBINSON: Slaves and the Criminal Law. Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte. Romanistische Abteilung 98, 1. (1981), 213–254.

2.  Repeated citations

• The general rule of repeated citation is as follows.

          AUTHOR’S SURNAME WITH SMALL CAPS op. cit. page number.

          Example:

          _ANSCHÜTZ op. cit. 297–299.

• If several works of the same author are cited, the year of publication in brackets should follow the author’s name.

           AUTHOR’S SURNAME WITH SMALL CAPS (year) op. cit. page number.

           Example:

           _ANSCHÜTZ (1926) op. cit. 297–299.

• If theyear of publication is thesame, a, b, c etc. shouldfollowtheyear.

           Example:

            _ANSCHÜTZ (1926a) op. cit. 297–299.

• If the quotation tocomestemsfromthesameworkbythesameauthor, simplythisformatshould be used:

           Example:

            Ibid. 34.

3. Web references

Reference is made by adding the URL address (full link), but it never substitutes for the actual reference to the author and the data of the cited work. The date of the last access should always be indicated at the end of the reference.

Should the URL address exceed 90 characters, please use a URL-shortener application, e.g. www.goo.gl  or www.bit.ly.  

4.      Reference to European Union legislation  

In case of any reference to the legislation or case-law of the European Union, please always use the reference patterns of the organisation in question. Cases should be cited in accordance with the ECLI (European CaseLaw Identifier).

5.      Conference presentations and lectures

In the case of conference contributions, the reference should contain as follows:

Presenter’s first name PRESENTER’S SURNAME: Title of the contribution. Title of the conference. Place, and date of the conference.

If anything is available online concerning the conference, web access should also be provided at the end of the reference.

     Example:

John KALLAUGHER: Rebates Revisited (Again) – The Continuing Article 82 Debate. Second Annual Conference of the Global Competition Law Centre. The Modernisation of Article 82. Brussels, June 15, 2005.