Educational competition, globalisation of higher education, human resources – and the situation in Hungary
Abstract
This paper examines the main trends in the global expansion of higher education and the evolving international competition in educational attainment. Using international statistical databases – including data from UNESCO, the OECD, the World Bank and the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital – the study analyses the massification of higher education, the expansion of doctoral training, and the growth of international student mobility. The results indicate that the global expansion of higher education continues, while the centre of gravity of the system is gradually shifting towards Asia. Compared with international trends, the development of Hungarian higher education appears more moderate according to several indicators, particularly in terms of student enrolment. Composite indicators of human resource development also suggest that Hungary’s relative position among developed countries has remained largely stagnant.
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