Esszé a 21. századi hidrológiáról: eredmények, kihívások, lehetőségek

András Szöllösi-Nagy

doi:10.59258/hk.20915

András Szöllösi-Nagy National University of Public Service, Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Water and Environmental Policy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59258/hk.20915

Keywords: Global changes, water management impacts, climate change, hydrological extremes, non-stationarity, adaptive water management

Abstract

The paper attempts to review current global challenges and opportunities in hydrology and water management, including local situations, the main achievements, as well as the emerging possible solutions. It argues that, in the light of population projections and projected climate change, current water management practices are not sustainable for the 21st century. Therefore, water will be one of the greatest, if not the greatest, challenges of the century – globally and locally as well. Global as well as local adaptation are needed at all levels of water management, from integrated water management to institutional design, education and research. This applies to both developing and industrialized countries. This was particularly true for Hungary, where the past decades have provided worrying examples of disintegrated water management.

Author Biography

András Szöllösi-Nagy, National University of Public Service, Faculty of Water Sciences, Department of Water and Environmental Policy

ANDRÁS SZÖLLŐSI-NAGY Civil Engineer, Hydrologist, Dr. Techn., PhD, Dr. Habil., Doctor of Science of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Dr. HC mult., Professor at the Faculty of Water Sciences, National University of Public Service; scientific advisor Institute of Advanced Studies (iASK), Kőszeg, Hungary; President of the international Sustainable Water Futures Programme /Future Earth, Brisbane, Australia. Previously Secretary General of the Paris based UNESCO International Hydrological Programme (IHP) for 20 years, later President of its Intergovernmental Council, and then Rector of the UNESCO-IHE Institute of Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands. Currently Chairman of the Editorial Board of the Hidrológiai Közlöny, formerly Editor-in-Chief. With T. E. Unny founding Editor-in -Chief of the International Journal of Stochastic Hydrology and Hydraulics (Springer Verlag). Szöllösi-Nagy started his professional career in Hungary at VITUKI (Water Resources Research Center), Budapest, in the Department of System Hydrology of Gábor Kienitz. Later he became Deputy Director General for Science at VITUKI in 1989. During his carrier he worked at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), the University of Waterloo, Canada, and was visiting professor at several universities. He is a member and currently Vice-President of the Hungarian Academy of Engineering and Vice-President of the Hungarian Society of Natural Sciences.

References

Akhbari, M., Grigg, N.S. (2013). A Framework for an Agent-Based Model to Manage Water Resources Conflicts. Water Resource Management, Vol. 27. No. 11. pp. 4039-4052. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0394-0

Kőrösi Cs. (2018). Sorsfordító a fejlődésben. 1. rész: Válaszút előtt a világ. Hidrológiai Közlöny, Vol. 98. No. 4. pp. 4-8.

Milly, P.C.D., Betancourt, J., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R.M., Kundzewicz, Z.W., Lettenmaier, D.P., Stouffer, R.J. (2008). Stationarity is Dead: Whither Water Management? Science, Vol. 319. No. 5863. pp. 573-574. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1151915

Shiklomanov, I.A., Rodda, J.C. (2003). World Water Resources at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century. UNESCO International Hydrology Series. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Somlyódy L. (2018). Most már csak dönteni kéne a legfelsőbb helyeken – Somlyódy László akadémikus természetes vizeink állapotáról. Barotányi Zoltán interjúja. Magyar Narancs, Vol. 30. No. 39. pp. 8-10.

Szöllősi-Nagy A. (2017). Milyen (m)értéket ad a mértékadó? Mérnök Újság, 2017. december. p. 13.

Szöllősi-Nagy A. (2018a). Sorsfordító a fejlődésben. 2. rész: Válaszút előtt a világ vízgazdálkodása. Hidrológiai Közlöny, Vol. 98. No. 4. pp. 9-16.

Szöllősi-Nagy A. (2018b). A digitális vízgazdálkodásról. Mérnök Újság, 2018. július. p. 11.

UNESCO (2018). UN World Water Development Report. Paris. https://www.unesco.org/en/wwap/wwdr/2018

UNFCC (2015). The Paris Agreement. United Nations, New York. https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement

Vörösmarty, C.J., Green, P., Salisbury, J., Richard B. Lammer, R.B. (2000). Global Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth, Science, Vol. 289, Issue 5477, pp. 284-288.

Vörösmarty, C.J., Rodríguez Osuna, V., Cak, A.D., Green, P., Tessler, Z., Corsi, F., Bhaduri, A., Bunn, S., Gastelumendi, J., Harrison, I., Lawford, R., Marcotullio, P.J., McClain, M., McDonald, R., McIntyre, P., Palmer, M., Robarts, R., Szöllősi-Nagy, A., Uhlenbrook, S. (2018). Ecosystem-based water security and the sustainable development goals. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, Vol. 18. No. 4. pp. 317-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecohyd.2018.07.004

Waters, C.N., Zalasiewicz, J., Summerhayes, C., Barnosky, A.D., Poirier, C., Gałuszka, A., Cearreta, A., Edgeworth, M., Ellis, E.C., Ellis, M., Jeandel, C., Leinfelder, R., McNeill, J.R., Richter, D. deB., Steffen, W., Syvitski, J., Vidas, D., Wagreich, M., Williams, M., Zhisheng, A., Grinevald, J., Odada, E., Oreskes, N., Wolfe, A.P. (2016). The Anthropocene is functionally and stratigraphically distinct from the Holocene. Science, Vol. 351. No. 6269. aad2622. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad2622

Wolf, A.T. (2007). Shared Waters: Conflict and Cooperation. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Vol. 32. No. 1. pp. 241-269. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.32.041006.101434

URL1. http://www.worldometers.info/world-population

URL2. https://www.arcanum.com/hu/online-kiadvanyok/Gondolattar-kristo-nagy-istvan-gondolattar-1/ezredveg-68B1/wittgenstein-ludwig-18891951-osztrak-filozofus-83A9/

An essay on 21st century hydrology: Achievements, challenges, opportunities

Abstract

Author Biography

References