Trauma and sustainability
Ecopsychological and ecofeminist analyses of the transgression of the planetary boundaries
Abstract
The study aims to find the psychosocial reasons behind the major environmental problems described by the planetary boundaries model. For that purpose, it uses two conceptual frameworks: the ecofeminist sociotheoretical and the ecopsychological framework, that offer us the scientific background to better understand the links between socio-economic and environmental problems. As research methods, literature review and logical reasoning have been used. Main results are, that power differential existing in most societies contribute to environmental problems and that the misusing of power is sustained by unprocessed individual and collective trauma. Therefore, it states, that environmental problems are merely symptoms of the psychopathology of people and mostly of groups of power. The study also offers suggestions how to support individual and collective healing in order to reverse and to prevent the further transgression of planetary boundaries.
References
Albrecht, G. (2011): Chronic environmental change: Emerging 'psychoterratic' syndromes. In. Weissbecker, I. (Ed.): Climate change and human well-being: Global challenges and opportunities, Springer Science and Business Media, 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9742-5_3
Bateson, G.- Jackson, D.- Haley, J.- Weakland, J. (1956): Towards a theory of schizophrenia. Behavioral Science, 1, 251–264.
Branney, P.- White, A. (2008): Big boys don't cry: Depression and men. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 14(4), 256-262. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.106.003467
Bednarek, S. (2021): Climate change, fragmentation and collective trauma. Bridging the divided stories we live by, Journal of Social Work Practice, 35., 1., 5-17, https://doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2020.1821179
Csíkszentmihályi, M. (2007): A fejlődés útjai. Nyitott Könyvműhely, Budapest
Courtwright, D. T. (2019): The Age of Addiction: How Bad Habits Became Big Business. Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv253f7rn
Cervinka R.- Röderer K.- Hefler E. (2012): Are nature lovers happy? On various indicators of well-being and connectedness with nature. Journal Of Health Psychology, 17., 3., 379-88 https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105311416873
Fischer, J. (2017): Healing the fragmented selves of trauma survivors. Overcoming internal selfalienation. Routledge.
Green J. (2017): Making Space for Indigenous Feminism, 2nd ed.; Fernwood Publishing: Halifax, NS, Canada, 2017. ISBN 978-1-55266-883-2.
Glendinning, C. (1990): When Technology Wounds, Morrow, New York
Glendinning, C. (1994): My name is Chellis and I’m in recovery from western civilization. Boston, MA: Shambhala.
Headrick, D. (1981): The Tools of Empire: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century. Oxford University Press.
Headrick, D. (2010): Power over Peoples: Technology, Environments, and Western Imperialism, 1400 to the Present. Princeton University Press.
Herman, J. (1997): Trauma and recovery, Basic Books, New York, ISBN: 0465087302
Howell, A.- Dopko, R.- Passmore, H.- Buro, K. (2011): Nature connectedness: Associations with well being and mindfulness. Personality And Individual Differences, 51., 2., 166-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.037
Jung, C. G. (1980): Psychology and Alchemy (2nd ed.). Collected Works of C. G. Jung. Routledge.
Jung, C. G.- Jaffe, A. (1995): Memories, dreams, reflections. Fontana Press.
Katz, C. (2008): Bad elements: Katrina and the scoured landscape of social reproduction. Gend. Place Cult. 15, 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/09663690701817485
Katz, C.- Kirby, A. (1991): In the Nature of Things: The Environment and Everyday Life. Trans. Inst. Br. Geogr. 16, 259–271.
Koestler, A. (1967): The Ghost in the Machine (1990 reprint ed.). Penguin Group. ISBN 0-14-019192-5.
Kronlid, D. (2003): Ecofeminism and environmental ethics, An Analysis of Ecofeminist Ethical Theory, Uppsala 2003, Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Theology in Ethics Presented at Uppsala University 2003
Kruse, L.- Graumann, C. (1996): Ökologische Psychologie, Psychologie Verl. Union, Weinheim
Lazarus, R.- Folkmann, S. (1984): Stress, appraisal and coping, Springer, New York
Lembke, A (2022) Dopaminkorszak, Libri, Budapest
Litz, B.- Stein, N.- Delaney, E.- Lebowitz, L.- Nash, W.- Silva, C.- Maguen, S. (2009): Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy. Clinical Psychology Review 29., 695-706
Macy, J.- Young Brown M. (1998): Coming Back to Life: Practice to Reconnect Our Lives, Our World, New Society Publishers
Maguen, S.- Litz, B. (2012): Moral Injury in Veterans of War. PTSD Research Quarterly 23., 1., 1-6
Malm, A.– Hornborg, A. (2014): The Geology of Mankind? A Critique of the Anthropocene Narrative. The Anthropocene Review, Vol. 1., No. 1.: 62–69. In: Andreas Malm és Alf Hornborg: Emberi tényező? Az antropocén-narratíva kritikája, 25. szám – Klímaváltozás és kapitalizmus | Fordulat. Fordította: Csorba Géza és Nagy Klára Az eredetivel egybevetette: Fabók Márton
Máté, G.- Máté, D. (2022): Normális vagy - Trauma, betegség és gyógyulás mérgező világunkban, Open books
Maté, G. (2009): In the realm of hungry ghosts: Close encounters with addiction. Toronto: Vintage Canada.
McMahon, M. (1997): From the ground up: Ecofeminism and ecological economics. Ecol. Econ. 20, 163–173. pp. 168, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(96)00026-2
Mayer, F.- Frantz, C. (2004): The connectedness to nature scale: A measure of individuals’ feeling in community with nature. Journal Of Environmental Psychology, 24., 4., 503-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.10.001
Merchant, C., (1996): Ecofeminism and Feminist Theory, Diamond & Orenstein.
Persson, L.- Carney Almroth, BM.- Collins, CD.- Cornell, S.- de Wit, CA.- Diamond, ML.- Fantke, P.- Hassellöv, M.- MacLeod, M.- Ryberg, MW.- Søgaard Jørgensen, P.- Villarrubia-Gómez, P.- Wang Z.- Hauschild, MZ. (2022): Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities. Environ Sci Technol. 56., 3., 1510-1521. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04158.
Plumwood, V. (1988): Women, humanity and nature. Radical Philosophy, 48, 16–24, reprinted in S. Sayers, P. Osborne (eds.). Feminism, Socialism and Philosophy: A Radical Philosophy Reader. London: Routledge, 1990.
Plumwood, V. (1986): Ecofeminism: An Overview and Discussion of Positions and Arguments. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 64., 1., 120–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.1986.9755430
Plumwood, V. (1991): Nature, Self, and Gender: Feminism, Environmental Philosophy, and the Critique of Rationalism. Hypatia, 6., 1., 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1991.tb00206.x JSTOR 3810030
Pukánszky, B.I. (2018): Gyermekkép és nevelés: Felfogások a gyermekről és a nevelésről a pedagógia történetében. Komárom 2018. ISBN 978-80-8122-290-0. pp 136
Ruder, S.- Sanniti, S. (2019): Transcending the Learned Ignorance of Predatory Ontologies: A Research Agenda for an Ecofeminist-Informed Ecological Economics. Sustainability. 11. 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051479
Rutschky, K. (1988): Schwarze Pädagogik. Quellen zur Naturgeschichte der bürgerlichen Erziehung. Ullstein Sachbuch, Frankfurt (Main).
Salleh, A. (1998): Working with Nature: Reciprocity or Control? In Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology, Pearson Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA
Salleh, A. (2010): From „Metabolic Rift” to „Metabolic Value”: Reflections on Environmental Sociology and the Alternative Globalization Movement”. Organization & Environment, 23., 2., 205–219.
Salleh, A. (2017): Ecofeminism. In Spash, C.L. (ed.). Routledge Handbook of Ecological. Economics: Nature and Society, 48-56. Abingdon: Routledge.
Satterthwaite, D. (2009): The Implications of Population Growth and Urbanization for Climate Change. In: Environment & Urbanization, 21., 2., 545–567.
Shepard, P. (1982): Nature and Madness, Study In: Roszak, T. (eds.) Ecopsychology, Sierra Club Books, San Francisco, 1995, 32-40
Shepard, P. (1973): The tender carnivore and the sacred game. New York, NY: Scribners.
Sidanius, J.- Pratto, F. (2012): Social dominance theory. (Vols. 1-2). SAGE Publications Ltd.
https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446249222
Sidanius, J.- Pratto, F.- van Laar, C.- Levin, S. (2004): Social Dominance Theory: Its Agenda and Method. Political Psychology, 25., 6., 845–880. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00401.x
Steffen, W.- Richardson, K.- Rockstrom, J.- Cornell, S. E.- Fetzer, I.- Bennett, E. M.- Biggs, R.- Carpenter, S. R.- de Vries, W.- de Wit, C. A.- Folke, C.- Gerten, D.- Heinke, J.- Mace, G. M.- Persson, L. M.- Ramanathan, V.- Reyers, B.- Sorlin, S. (2015): Planetary Boundaries: Guiding Human Development on a Changing Planet. Science 2015, 347., 6223., 1259855– 1259855, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259855
Teilhard De Chardin, P. (1980): Az emberi jelenség. Gondolat Könyvkiadó
van der Kolk, B. (2015): The Body Keeps the Score, Penguin Books
von Werlhof, C. (2007): No Critique of Capitalism Without a Critique of Patriarchy! Why the Left Is No Alternative, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 18., 1., 13-27, https://doi.org/10.1080/10455750601164600
Waring, M. (2018): Still Counting: Wellbeing, Women's Work and Policy-making, Bridget Williams Books. ISBN 1988545501, 9781988545509
Weyler, R. (2019): Ecological Trauma and Common Addiction Retrieved 6 March 2023, from https://www.rexweyler.ca/ecologue/2019/6/11/ecological-trauma-and-common-addiction
