A holistic therapeutic approach for the lower third of the face and submental region

Abstract

The visual appearance of the lower face and neck region plays a crucial role in maintaining facial aesthetic balance. The definition of the mandibular contour, the transition zone between the face and neck, and the tone of the skin and underlying soft tissues all significantly contribute to facial harmony and a youthful appearance. While aging is a major factor in the descent of lower facial structures and the accumulation of submental fat, other influences such as genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalances, metabolic disorders, and lifestyle choices also significantly affect the aesthetics of the lower face. Beautification of the lower third of the face and the submental region demands a comprehensive, skilled, and often complex approach. Interest in treating this area is steadily increasing, with a growing number of younger patients seeking interventions targeting the lower face. A thorough understanding of the anatomical and structural changes in the lower face and neck is essential for designing effective treatment strategies. This article aims to review the constitutional, pathological, and age-related factors that shape the mandibular and neck areas, and to present available treatment options both minimally invasive and surgical—within a holistic framework. Finally, two cases from the authors’ own clinical experience are presented to illustrate the therapeutic strategies.