Zsaruk és drogok: A rendőrök illegális droghasználata
Absztrakt
Cél: A pszichoaktív szerek használatának mintázatai és előfordulási gyakorisága szakmánként, valamint a szektoronként (pl. magán/állami), a nemek és a munkaidő szerint is eltérő. Ebben a tanulmányban megkíséreljük összefoglalni az elmúlt évtizedek, redőrök illegális droghasználatával kapcsolatos kutatási eredményeit.
Módszertan: A szakirodalmi források keresését a PubMed, HeinOnline, GoogleScholar és más releváns adatbázisokban (például az Egyesült Államok Igazságügyi Minisztériuma) végeztük el 2022 áprilisáig.
Megállapítások: Összesen 26 tanulmány felelt meg a keresési kritériumoknak. A kutatási adatok egyértelműen jelzik, hogy az alkohol és a dohányzás mellett az illegális kábítószerek használata is elterjedt a rendőrök körében. Irodalmi áttekintésünk azt mutatja, hogy az illegális kábítószer-használat előfordulási gyakorisága széles skálán mozog (0,22% - 21,6%). Az eredmények azt sugallják, hogy a rendőrök körében az illegális szerekkel való visszaélés előfordulási gyakoriságára vonatkozó becsléseket számos tényező befolyásolja, például: kutatási módszertan; az adatok szándékos torzítása; társadalmi különbségek.
Érték: A rendőrök droghasználatával foglalkozó tanulmányok szinte kizárólag a legális szubsztanciák (alkohol és dohányzás) használatára összpontosítanak, és többnyire nem foglalkoznak a tiltott kábítószerek fogyasztásával. A limitált mennyiségű eredmények azonban azt mutatják, hogy az alkoholfogyasztás és a dohányzás mellett a rendőrök tiltott drogokat is használnak. A rendőrök kábítószer-fogyasztásának pedig számos következménye lehet.
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