A Sophia-elmélet és a teremtés: kitérő az orosz ortodox teológiában

Absztrakt

In this article, I intend to give a short overview of an interesting theological detour: the Sophia-theory of modern and contemporary Russian orthodoxy. In fact, this theory was held by only a minority of theologians and the majority harshly rejected it. Although the Sophia-element had always been present in Christian and religious thought, this theory had its renaissance in the early 20th century. Soloviev, Florensky and Bulgakov are the main representatives of the Sophia-theory; according to them this divine element has been present in the created world since the beginning of Creation. It is not clear, however, whether Sophia is a divine hypostasis or a created manifestation of the heav-enly Father. 5is is the weakest point of the theory which is strongly related to Trinitarian theology, Christology and theological Anthropology. 5e latter reveals the aim of the Sophia-theory: the human person has life only in God because God possesses humanity through Sophia. After a brief presentation of the theory and the theology of the three orthodox theologians, I shall focus on their sophian theology of Creation. 5e paper ends by the critical comments of Lossky, Florovsky and others, which correspond to the Catholic view concerning the Sophia-theory.