Local Climate Zone mapping using GIS methods in Szeged
Abstract
Owing to anthropogenic activity, local climate develops in the area of built-up zones. The characteristics of built-up zones can be quantified by different methods. One of the methods is the Local Climate Zones (LCZ) classification system which describes the physical conditions of a local-scale environment of a measuring site from the viewpoint of the generated local climate. It is applicable worldwide universally and relatively easily based on objective geometric, radiative and thermal properties of the surface. The objectives of this study are to develop GIS methods in order to calculate several parameters describing the LCZs for any part of the study area using different databases and to identify and delineate the LCZ types which occur in and around the city of Szeged (Hungary) using the developed methods. As a result, six built LCZ types were distinguished and mapped in the studied urban area: "compact mid-rise", "compact low-rise", "open mid-rise", "open low-rise", "large low-rise" and "sparsely built". The developed method can be used in any urban area if the necessary input databases are available.
References
Auer, A.H. 1978. Correlation of land use and cover with meteorological anomalies. Journal of Applied Meteorology 17. 636-643. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1978)017<0636:COLUAC>2.0.CO;2
Bossard, M., Feranec, J. and Otahel, J. 2000. CORINE land cover technical guide - Addendum 2000. Technical report No 40. Copenhagen, European Environment Agency, 105 p.
Davenport, A.G., Grimmond, C.S.B., Oke, T.R. and Wieringa, J. 2000. Estimating the roughness of cities and sheltered country. Asheville, NC, Proceedings on 12 th Conference on Applied Climatology, 96-99.
EEA, 2009. FTSP Degree of soil sealing - Updated Delivery Report, European Mosaic, Issue 1.0. European Environmental Agency, 13 p.
Ellefsen, R. 1991. Mapping and measuring buildings in the canopy boundary layer in ten U.S. cities. Energy and Buildings 15-16. 1025-1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7788(91)90097-M
Gál, T. and Unger, J. 2009: Detection of ventilation paths using high-resolution roughness parameter mapping in a large urban area. Building and Environment 44. 198-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.02.008
Gál, T., Lindberg, F. and Unger, J. 2009. Computing continuous sky view factor using 3D urban raster and vector data bases: comparison and application to urban climate. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 95. 111-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-007-0362-9
Oke, T.R. 1987. Boundary Layer Climates. 2 nd edition. London-New York, Routledge, 435 p.
Oke, T.R. 2004. Initial guidance to obtain representative meteorological observation sites. Geneva, WMO/TD No. 1250, 47 p.
RapidEye, 2012. Satellite Imagery Product Specifications, Version 4.1. 46 p.
Starks, P.J., Norman, J.M., Blad, B.L., Walter-Shea, E.A. and Walthall, C.L. 1991. Estimation of shortwave hemispherical reflectance (albedo) from bi-directionally reflected radiance data. Remote Sensing of Environment 38. 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(91)90074-G
Stewart, I.D. 2011. A systematic review and scientific critique of methodology in modern urban heat island literature. International Journal of Climatology 31. 200-217. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.2141
Stewart, I.D. and Oke, T.R. 2012. Local Climate Zones for urban temperature studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 93. 1879-1900. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00019.1
Stewart, I.D. and Oke, T.R. 2009. A new classification system for urban climate sites. Bulletin of the American Meteorologial Society 90. 922-923.
Stewart, I.D., Oke, T.R. and Krayenhoff, E.S. 2013. Evaluation of the 'local climate zone' scheme using temperature observations and model simulations. International Journal of Climatology. 19 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3746
Tasumi, M., Allen, R.G. and Trezza, R. 2008. At-Surface Reflectance and Albedo from Satellite for Operational Calculation of Land Surface Energy Balance. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 13 (2): 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2008)13:2(51)
Tucker, C.J. 1979. Red and Photographic Infrared Linear Combinations for Monitoring Vegetation. Remote Sensing of Environment 8. 127-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0
WMO, 1983. Abridged final report, 8th session. Geneva, Commission for Climatology and Applications of Meteorology,WMO, No. 600, 72 p.
Copyright (c) 2014 János Unger, Enikő Lelovics, Tamás Gál
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
