Az ukrajnai háború hatása és következményei a katonai ûrpolitikára és mûveletekre

Kulcsszavak: űrvédelem, ukrajnai háború, kereskedelmi űrvállalatok, kozmikus elhárító, képességek

Absztrakt

Az ukrajnai háború egyértelművé tette, hogy az űrtechnológia komoly hozzáadott értéket jelent a szárazföldi katonai műveletek számára. Különösen a magánszereplők jelentős részvétele az Ukrajnába irányuló adatszolgáltatásban világított rá, hogy az űriparban tevékenykedő magánvállalatok valószínűleg kulcsfontosságú szereplőkké válnak a jövőbeli konfliktusokban. Mindez fontos kérdéseket vet fel a döntéshozók számára, akiknek egyensúlyt kell teremteniük a virágzó magán-űrökoszisztémából származó előnyök és az ezen szereplőktől való teljes függés között, ugyanakkor meg kell tervezniük a védelmükhöz szükséges intézkedéseket

Hivatkozások

Airbus. 2023. “Airbus to Provide Poland with a Very High Resolution Optical Satellite System.” Airbus,

January 4, 2023.

https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2023-01-airbus-to-provide-poland

-with-a-very-high-resolution-optical

Alaieva, Liliia. 2022. “Taiwan Is Interested in Ukraine’s Military Experience.” The Universe Magazine,

September 16, 2022.

https://universemagazine.com/en/taiwan-uses-the-experience-of-using-satellite

-communications-in-ukraine/

Assemblée nationale. 2022. “Compte Rendu Commission de La Défense Nationale et Des Forces Armées:

Audition, à Huis Clos, Du Général de Division Aérienne Philippe Adam, Commandant de

l’espace, Sur Les Enseignements Du Conflit Ukrainien.” Assemblée Nationale, December 2022.

https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/comptes-rendus/seance

Bataille, Mathieu, and Valentine Messina 2020. “Europe, Space and Defence: From ‘Space for Defence’ to

‘Defence of Space.’” European Space Policy Institute, February 2020.

https://www.espi.or.at/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/ESPI-Public-Report-72-Europe-Space

-and-Defence-Executive-Summary.pdf

Chen, Kelvin. 2023. “Taiwan Working on Resilient Satellite Communications Due to Chinese Threat.”

Taiwan News, January 7, 2023.

https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/4773427

Chen, Stephen. 2022. “China Must Be Able to Destroy Musk’s Starlink If It Poses Threat: Scientists.” South

China Morning Post, May 25, 2022.

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3178939/china

-military-needs-defence-against-potential-starlink-threat

Clark, Stephen. 2023. “Space Force Chief Says Commercial Satellites May Need Defending.” Ars Technica,

September 26, 2023.

https://arstechnica.com/space/2023/09/space-force-chief-foresees-role

-in-protecting-commercial-satellites/

Copp, Tara. 2023. “Elon Musk Blocking Starlink to Stop Ukraine Attack Troubling for DOD.” Military

Times, September 12, 2023.

https://www.militarytimes.com/news/your-military/2023/09/12/elon-musk

-blocking-starlink-to-stop-ukraine-attack-troubling-for-dod/

Erwin, Sandra. 2022. “On National Security: Drawing Lessons from the First ‘Commercial Space War.’”

SpaceNews, May 20, 2022.

https://spacenews.com/on-national-security-drawing-lessons-from

-the-first-commercial-space-war/

Erwin, Sandra. 2023a. “Limits on Ukraine’s Use of Starlink for War Operations Is a Lesson for U.S.

Military.” SpaceNews, March 9, 2023.

https://spacenews.com/limits-on-ukraines-use-of-starlink-for-war-operations-is

-a-lesson-for-u-s-military/

Erwin, Sandra. 2023b. “Space Force to Further Define Details of a ‘Commercial Space Reserve.’”

SpaceNews, July 25, 2023.

https://spacenews.com/space-force-to-further-define-details-of-a-commercial-space-reserve/

Erwin, Sandra, and Debra Werner. 2022. “Dark Clouds, Silver Linings: Five Ways War in Ukraine

Is Transforming the Space Domain.” SpaceNews. December 23, 2022.

https://spacenews.com/dark-clouds-silver-linings-five-ways-war-in-ukraine

-is-transforming-the-space-domain/

European Commission and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.

“Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council: EU Policy

on Cyber Defence”

https://www.eeas.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Comm_cyber%20defence.pdf

European Commission and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.

“Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council: European Union Space

Strategy for Security and Defence”

https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/documents-register/detail?ref=JOIN(2023)9&lang=en

Fedorov, Mykhailo. 2022. “@elonmusk, While You Try to Colonize Mars - Russia Try to Occupy Ukraine!

While Your Rockets Successfully Land from Space - Russian Rockets Attack Ukrainian Civil

People! We Ask You to Provide Ukraine with Starlink Stations and to Address Sane Russians to

Stand.” Twitter, February 26, 2022.

https://twitter.com/FedorovMykhailo/status/1497543633293266944

France Info. 2023. “Loi de Programmation Militaire, Inflation, Ariane 6 et Sonde Vers Jupiter... Ce Qu’il

Faut Retenir de l’interview de Stéphane Israël, Président Exécutif d’Arianespace.” Franceinfo,

April 8, 2023.

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/8h30-fauvelle-dely/loi-de-programmation-militaire

-inflation-ariane-6-et-sonde-vers-jupiter-ce-qu-il-faut-retenir-de-l-interview-de-stephane

-israel-president-executif-d-arianespace_5731553.html

Hainaut, Béatrice. 2023. Operational, legal, political and strategic implications of using commercial

satellites in War. In Bataille Mathieu and Clémence Poirier: Space, Cybersecurity and Defence.

European Space Policy Institute (upcoming).

Hitchens, Theresa. 2023. “Ukraine Spotlights ‘criticality’ of Space in Conflict: Saltzman.” Breaking Defense,

January 13, 2023.

https://breakingdefense.com/2023/01/ukraine-spotlights-criticality-of-space-in-conflict

-saltzman/#:~:text=Chance%20Saltzman%20said%20a%20key,that%20actually

%20enable%20those%20capabilities.%22&text=WASHINGTON%20

%E2%80%94%20The%20new%20head%20of%20the%20Space%20Force%2C%20Gen

Hofmann, Kristina. 2022. “Sondervermögen: Das Kauft Die Bundeswehr Für 100 Milliarden.” ZDF, June 2,

https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/bundeswehr-sondervermoegen-waffen-panzer-100.html

Howell, Elizabeth. 2022. “Space Industry for Ukraine: Companies Donate $50k Each and Pledge

Humanitarian Aid to Embattled Country.” Space.Com. May 7, 2022.

https://www.space.com/space-industry-for-ukraine-companies-humanitarian-aid

Jewett, Rachel. 2022. “Intelligence Community Is Rapidly Delivering Commercial Satellite Imagery to

Ukraine, NGA Official Says.” Via Satellite, April 26, 2022.

https://www.satellitetoday.com/government-military/2022/04/26/intelligence-community

-is-rapidly-delivering-commercial-satellite-imagery-to-ukraine-nga-official-says/

McLeary, Paul. 2021. “Russian Buildup near Ukraine Gains Steam, New Satellite Images Show.”

POLITICO, December 23, 2021.

https://www.politico.com/news/2021/12/23/russia-buildup-ukraine-satellite-images-526109

Petkauskas, Vilius. 2022. “We Breached Russian Satellite Network, Say pro-Ukraine Partisans.”

Cybernews, October 10, 2022.

https://cybernews.com/cyber-war/we-breached-russian-satellite-network-say

-pro-ukraine-partisans/

Poirier, Clémence. 2022. “The War in Ukraine from a Space Cybersecurity Perspective.” European Space

Policy Institute, October 2022.

https://www.espi.or.at/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/ESPI-Report-84.pdf

Roulette, Joey. 2023. “SpaceX Curbed Ukraine’s Use of Starlink Internet for Drones -Company President.”

Reuters. Thomson Reuters, February 9, 2023.

https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/spacex-curbed-ukraines-use-starlink

-internet-drones-company-president-2023-02-09/

Talmazan, Yuliya. 2023. “Musk Stopped Ukraine Attack on Russian Fleet with Starlink Refusal.”

NBCNews.Com. September 8, 2023.

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/musk-stopped-ukraine-attack-russian

-fleet-starlink-rcna104019

Torrieri, Marisa. 2022. “How Satellite Imagery Magnified Ukraine to the World.” Via Satellite, October 24, 2022.

https://interactive.satellitetoday.com/via/november-2022/how-satellite-imagery-magnified

-ukraine-to-the-world/

Megjelent
2024-08-05
Folyóirat szám
Rovat
Hadművészet