‘I can hear the wind and feel it touch me on the nose’: The search for agency of the environment in the dialogue between human and nature. The case of Austin, TX

Keywords: human, place, dialogue, agency, urban dwellers, Austin, TX

Abstract

This study explores specific relationships between humans and nature and seeks an extended ‘social construction of nature’ in the direction of place agency. The research assumes that place can be in agented action and a reciprocal relationship with human and non-human beings. The study’s main aim is to identify whether, from the perspective of contemporary city users, a partnership with the biotic and geographical environment is possible both within and outside the city. From this aim arises a research question: Does an inhabitant of a large city realize the possibility of a dialogue involving an ‘exchange of meanings’ between two entities of interaction that are often highly different (human and non-human beings)? The research uses a questionnaire survey (to recognize general quantitative opinion) and in-depth interviews with selected respondents (to look for deeper explanations). Results show that some urban respondents can see some environmental elements (in and out of the city) as agents and can describe the relationship human-environment in case of a reciprocal action called dialogue.

References

ACOSTA, R., ADEDEJI, J.A., BARUA, M., GANDY, M., GORA, L.S. and SCHLICHTING, K.M. 2023. Thinking with urban natures. Global Environment 16. (2): 177–121. https://doi.org/10.3197/ge.2023.160202

ADAMS, P.C. and KOTUS, J. 2022. Place dialogue. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 47. (4): 1090–1103. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12554

ANDERSEN, G., FLØTTUM, K., CARBOU, G. and GJESDAL, A.M. 2022. People’s conceptions and valuations of nature in the context of climate change. Environmental Values 31. (4): 397–420. https://doi.org/10.3197/096327121X16328186623850

BASAK, S.M., HOSSAIN, M.S., O’MAHONY, D.T., OKARMA, H., WIDERA, E. and WIERZBOWSKA, I.A. 2022. Public perceptions and attitudes toward urban wildlife encounters – A decade of change. Science of the Total Environment 834. 155603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155603

BEATLEY, T. 2016. Handbook of Biophilic City Planning and Design. Washington, Island Press. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-621-9

BOHM, D. 1996. On Dialogue. London, Routledge.

BOLDONOVA, I. 2016. Environmental hermeneutics: Ethnic and ecological traditions in aesthetic dialogue with nature. Journal of Landscape Ecology 9. (1): 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1515/jlecol-2016-0002

BRAITO, M.T., BÖCK, K., FLINT, C., MUHAR, A., MUHAR, S. and PENKER, M. 2017. Human-nature relationships and linkages to environmental behaviour. Environmental Values 26. (3): 365–389. https://doi.org/10.3197/096327117X14913285800706

BUDRUK, M., THOMAS, H. and TYRRELL, T. 2009. Urban green spaces: A study of place attachment and environmental attitudes in India. Society and Natural Resources 22. (9): 824–883. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920802628515

BUIJS, A.E. 2009. Lay people’s images of nature: Comprehensive frameworks of values, beliefs, and value orientations. Society and Natural Resources 22. (5): 417–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920801901335

CALLICOTT, J.B. 1982. Traditional American Indian and Western European attitudes toward nature: An overview. Environmental Ethics 4. (4): 293–318. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics1982443

CARTA, M. 2022. Homo Urbanus. Rome, Donzelli Editore.

CARTER, B. and CHARLES, N. 2013. Animals, agency and resistance. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 43. (3): 322–340. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12019

CARTER, B. and CHARLES, N. 2018. The animal challenge to sociology. European Journal of Social Theory 21. (1): 79–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431016681305

CASTREE, N. 2014. Making Sense of Nature. New York, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203503461

CAVENDISH, M. 2019. Of many worlds in this world. In Margaret Cavendish. Ed.: ROBBINS, M., Kindle Edition, New York, Review Books Poets, 42.

CORREIA, D. 2013. F**k jared diamond. Capitalism Nature Socialism 24. (4): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2013.846490

CRESWELL, J.W. and POTH, C.N. 2019. Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. London, SAGE.

CRETAN, R. 2015. Mapping protests against dog culling in post-communist Romania. Area 47. 155–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/area.12155

CRIBB, J. and CRIBB, J. 2017. The Urbanite (Homo Urbanus). Surviving the 21st Century: Humanity’s Ten Great Challenges and How We can Overcome Them. Berlin, Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41270-2

DAILY, G.C. 2013. Nature’s services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems. In The Future of Nature. Eds.: ROBIN, L., SÖRLIN, S. and WARDE, P., New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 454–464. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300188479-039

DELEUZE, G. and GUATTARI, F. 1994. What is Philosophy? New York, Columbia.

DEMERITT, D. 2002. What is the ‘social construction of nature’? A typology and sympathetic critique. Progress in Human Geography 26. (6): 767–790. https://doi.org/10.1191/0309132502ph402oa

DIAMOND, J.M. 1999. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. New York, W.W. Norton & Co.

DIAMOND, J.M. 2002. Evolution, consequences and future of plant and animal domestication. Nature 418. (6898): 700–707. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01019

DONO, J., WEBB, J. and RICHARDSON, B. 2010. The relationship between environmental activism, pro-environmental behaviour and social identity. Journal of Environmental Psychology 30. (2): 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.006

EDER, K. 1996. The Social Construction of Nature: A Sociology of Ecological Enlightenment. London, SAGE.

ESCOBAR, A. 2019. Habitability and design: Radical interdependence and the re-earthing of cities. Geoforum 101. 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.02.015

FROST, W. 2002. Did they really hate trees? Attitudes of farmers, tourists and naturalists towards nature in the rain-forests of eastern Australia. Environment and History 8. (1): 3–19. https://doi.org/10.3197/096734002129342576

GIFFORD, R. and SUSSMAN, R. 2012. Environmental attitudes. In The Oxford Handbook of Environmental and Conservation Psychology. Ed.: CLAYTON, S.D., Oxford, Oxford University Press, 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199733026.013.0004

GREENHOUGH, B. 2014. More-than-human geographies. In The SAGE Handbook of Human Geography. Eds.: LEE, R. et al., London, SAGE, 94–119. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446247617.n6

HALL, M. 2011. Plants as Persons: A Philosophical Botany. Albany, NY, SUNY Press.

HITCHINGS, R. 2003. People, plants and performance: On actor network theory and the material pleasures of the private garden. Social & Cultural Geography 4. (1): 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/1464936032000049333

HOVORKA, A.J. 2018. Animal geographies II: Hybridizing. Progress in Human Geography 42. (3): 453–462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132517699924

HUNTINGTON, E. 1924. Geography and natural selection. A preliminary study of the origin and development of racial character. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 14. (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/00045602409356890

KESKITALO, E.C.H. 2023. Rethinking Nature Relations: Beyond Binaries. London, Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035306336

LARSEN, S.C. and JOHNSON, J.T. 2013. A Deeper Sense of Place: Stories and Journeys of Collaboration in Indigenous Research. Corvallis, Oregon State University Press.

LARSEN, S.C. and JOHNSON, J.T. 2016. The agency of place: Toward a more-than-human geographical self. GeoHuman-ities 2. (1): 149–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/2373566X.2016.1157003

LATOUR, B. 2014. Agency at the time of the Anthropocene. New Literary History 45. 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2014.0003

LINCOLN, Y.S. and GUBA, E.G. 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. London, SAGE. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(85)90062-8

LORIMER, J. 2010. Elephants as companion species: The lively biogeographies of Asian elephant conservation in Sri Lanka. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 35. (4): 491–506. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5661.2010.00395.x

LORIMER, J. and DRIESSEN, C. 2014. Wild experiments at the Oostvaardersplassen: Rethinking environmentalism in the Anthropocene. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 39. (2): 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12030

LORIMER, J. and WHATMORE, S. 2009. After the ‘king of beasts’: Samuel Baker and the embodied historical geogra-phies of elephant hunting in mid-nineteenth-century Ceylon. Journal of Historical Geography 35. (4): 668–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2008.11.002

LUTHER, E. 2020. Between Bios and Philia: Inside the politics of life-loving cities. Urban Geography 44. (10): 2080–2097. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2020.1854530

MAJUMDER, R., PLOTKINA, D. and RABESON, L. 2023. Environmentally responsible values, attitudes and behaviours of Indian consumers. Environmental Values 32. (4): 433–468. https://doi.org/10.3197/096327122X16611552268645

MILLS, W.J. 1982. Metaphorical vision: Changes in Western attitudes to the environment. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 72. (2): 237–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1982.tb01822.x

NORGAARD, R.B. 2010. Ecosystem services: From eye-opening metaphor to complexity blinder. Ecological Economics 69. (6): 1219–1227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.11.009

PEIL, T. 2014. The spaces of nature: Introduction. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 96. (1): 37–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/geob.12034

PERROTTI, D. 2020. Toward an agentic understanding of the urban metabolism: A landscape theory perspective. Urban Geography 43. (1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2020.1848760

PINCETL, S. and GEARIN, E. 2005. The reinvention of public green space. Urban Geography 26. (5): 365–384. https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.26.5.365

SANDELOWSKI, M. 1995. Sample size in qualitative research. Research in Nursing & Health 18. 179–183. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770180211

SCHLOTTMANN, CH., JAMIESON, D., JEROLMACK, C., RADEMACHER, A. and DAMON, M. 2017. Environment and Society: A Reader. New York, NY University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1ht4vw6

SELIN, H. (ed.) 2013. Nature across Cultures: Views of Nature and the Environment in Non-Western Cultures. Vol. 4. Berlin, Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2700-7

SMITH, M.J. 2005. Thinking through the Environment: A reader. London, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203984451

STEDMAN, R.C. 2003. Is it really just a social construction? The contribution of the physical environment to sense of place. Society & Natural Resources 16. (8): 671–685. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920309189

THOREAU, H.D. 2017. Walden: Life in the Woods. Layton, Gibbs Smith. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300128048

WHATMORE, S. 2002. Hybrid Geographies: Natures, Cultures, Spaces. Newbury Park, SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446219713

WRIGHT, S. SUCHET-PEARSON, S., LLOYD, K., BURARRWANGA, L., GANAMBARR, R., GANAMBARR-STUBBS, M., GANAMBARR, B., MAYMURU, D. and SWEENEY, J. 2016. Bawaka Country. Co-becoming Bawaka: Towards a relational understanding of place/space. Progress in Human Geography 40. (4): 455–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132515589437

Published
2024-03-30
How to Cite
KotusJ. (2024). ‘I can hear the wind and feel it touch me on the nose’: The search for agency of the environment in the dialogue between human and nature. The case of Austin, TX. Hungarian Geographical Bulletin, 73(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.73.1.3
Section
Articles